A radiation image capturing apparatus includes a sensor substrate including a flexible base material and plural pixels that accumulate charges generated in accordance with radiation, a flexible first cable including one ends electrically connected to a connection region disposed at a predetermined side of the sensor substrate, a first circuit substrate electrically connected to the other end of the first cable and in which a first component used for processing a digital signal in a circuit unit driven in a case of reading out the charges in the plural pixels is mounted, a flexible second cable including one end electrically connected to a connection region disposed at a side different from the predetermined side, and a second circuit substrate electrically connected to the other end of the second cable and in which a second component used for processing an analog signal in the circuit unit is mounted.

Optical geometry calibration devices, systems, and related methods for x-ray imaging are disclosed. An optical-based geometry calibration device is configured to interface with a two-dimensional (2D) imaging device to perform three-dimensional (3D) imaging. The optical-based geometry calibration device includes one or more optical cameras fixed to either an x-ray source or an x-ray detector, one or more markers fixed to the x-ray detector or the x-ray source, with each of the one or more optical cameras being configured to capture at least one photographic image of one or more corresponding optical markers when each x-ray image of the object is captured, and an image processing system configured to compute positions of the x-ray source relative to the x-ray detector for each 2D projection image based on the at least one photographic image of the one or more markers.

There is provided a mechanism that enables a camera apparatus to record an appropriate video image relating to circumstances in which radiation imaging is performed in an imaging room. A radiation imaging system includes a radiation generating apparatus configured to generate radiation toward an object, a radiation detecting apparatus configured to detect, as an image signal, the radiation incident thereto, a camera apparatus configured to record a video image relating to circumstances in which radiation imaging is performed using the radiation in an imaging room, and a camera control apparatus configured to control the camera apparatus. The camera control apparatus recognizes an imaging location at which the radiation imaging is performed in the imaging room, and sets a parameter of the camera apparatus in accordance with the recognized imaging location.

Disclosed herein is an image sensor with two radiation detectors, each having a planar surface for receiving radiation; and a calibration pattern. The planar surfaces of the radiation detectors are not coplanar. The image sensor can capture images of two portions of the calibration pattern, respectively using the radiation detectors. The image sensor can determine two transformations for the radiation detectors based on the images of the portions of the calibration pattern, respectively. The image sensor can capture images of two portions of a scene, respectively using the radiation detectors, determine projections of the images of the portions of the scene onto an image plane using the transformations, respectively, and form an image of the scene by stitching the projections.

A hybrid radiation detector is described comprising a first energy discriminating detector element selected to be sensitive to incident radiation of a lower energy range and a second detector element selected to be sensitive to incident radiation of a higher energy rage and a second detector element. In embodiments, a first detector element comprises a semiconductor detector; and a second detector element comprises a scintillator detector. The first detector element may thus be suitable to be more responsive to radiation in a first, lower energy range and/or configured and arranged to collect incident radiation emergent from a target of such energy that the photoelectric effect predominates as an attenuation mode in the target; and the second detector element may thus be suitable to be more responsive to radiation in a second, higher energy range and/or configured and arranged to collect incident radiation of a generally higher energy. A method of detecting radiation using such a hybrid detector is also described.

A radiation imaging apparatus includes a pixel array having a plurality of pixels configured to detect radiation, and a controller configured to obtain a radiation generation condition related to a radiation generating apparatus during fluoroscopic imaging, and determine, during the fluoroscopic imaging, timings of a plurality of sampling and holding operations in each of the plurality of pixels in accordance with the radiation generation condition. The timing of at least one sampling and holding operation is a timing in an irradiation period of radiation, and each of the plurality of pixels includes a conversion element configured to convert radiation into an electrical signal, and a sample and hold circuit configured to sample and hold signals from the conversion element multiple times in accordance with the timings, determined by the controller, of the plurality of sampling and holding operations.

An apparatus comprising a radiation source, coincident positron emission detectors configured to detect coincident positron annihilation emissions originating within a coordinate system, and a controller coupled to the radiation source and the coincident position emission detectors, the controller configured to identify coincident positron annihilation emission paths intersecting one or more volumes in the coordinate system and align the radiation source along an identified coincident positron annihilation emission path.

A spectrometer includes a crystal analyzer having a radius of curvature that defines a Rowland circle, a sample stage configured to support a sample such that the sample is offset from the Rowland circle, an x-ray source configured to emit unfocused x-rays toward the sample stage, and a position-sensitive detector that is tangent to the Rowland circle. A method performed via a spectrometer includes emitting, via an x-ray source, unfocused x-rays toward a sample that is mounted on a sample stage such that the sample is offset from the Rowland Circle, thereby causing the sample to emit x-rays that impinge on the crystal analyzer or transmit a portion of the unfocused x-rays to impinge on the crystal analyzer; scattering, via the crystal analyzer, the x-rays that impinge on the crystal analyzer; and detecting the scattered x-rays via a position-sensitive detector that is tangent to the Rowland circle.

An apparatus comprising a radiation source, coincident positron emission detectors configured to detect coincident positron annihilation emissions originating within a coordinate system, and a controller coupled to the radiation source and the coincident positron emission detectors, the controller configured to identify coincident positron annihilation emission paths intersecting one or more volumes in the coordinate system and align the radiation source along an identified coincident positron annihilation emission path.

A relative positioning system is described. At least one emitter is attached to a first object, where each of the at least one emitters includes: an electromagnetic radiation source configured to generate electromagnetic radiation over a band of wavelengths, and a prism arranged to refract and disperse the electromagnetic radiation from the electromagnetic radiation source according to the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation. At least one electromagnetic radiation detector is attached to a second object arranged to detect the wavelengths of some of the electromagnetic radiation refracted and dispersed by a respective prism. At least one processor is configured to determine the relative position of the first object and the second object based on the detected wavelengths by the at least one electromagnetic radiation detector.