Amplitude-versus-angle analysis for quantitative interpretation can include creation of a plurality of angle gathers from imaging a subsurface location with multiples in a near-offset range and imaging primaries outside the near-offset range and application of an amplitude-versus-angle analysis to the plurality of angle gathers to produce a quantitative interpretation pertaining to the subsurface location.

The embodiments of the present application disclose a method for acquiring a converted wave, an electronic device, and a readable storage medium, wherein the method for acquiring a converted wave comprises: acquiring a relational expression between a P-wave reflection coefficient and an incident angle by Zoeppritz equation; simplifying the relational expression between the P-wave reflection coefficient and the incident angle; calculating a derivative for the simplified relational expression between the P-wave reflection coefficient and the incident angle, to obtain an expression of a wave to be converted; correcting parameters in the expression of the wave to be converted to obtain a converted wave.

Systems and methods are disclosed that include generating reservoir property profiles corresponding to reservoir properties for pseudo wells based on reservoir data, generating seismic attributes for the pseudo wells, and training a machine learning model by comparing the reservoir property profiles against the seismic attributes. In this manner, the machine learning model may be used to predict reservoir properties for use with seismic exploration above a region of a subsurface that contains structural or stratigraphic features conducive to a presence, migration, or accumulation of hydrocarbons.

A method is described for seismic amplitude analysis including receiving a seismic dataset representative of a subsurface volume of interest wherein the seismic dataset includes an angle or angle stack dimension; select a plurality of sets of sub-cubes in the seismic dataset wherein each set of sub-cubes includes a plurality of the angles or the angle stacks; compute standard score statistics for each of the plurality of sub-cubes; identify amplitude variation with angle (AVA) anomalies based on the standard score statistics for each of the set of sub-cubes; classify the AVA anomalies to generate classified AVA anomalies; and displaying, on a user interface, the classified AVA anomalies as a graphical display. The method is executed by a computer system.

Methods and apparatuses for evaluating an earth formation intersected by a borehole. Methods include estimating a property of cement surrounding a tubular in the earth formation by: generating an acoustic signal with a logging tool in the borehole; estimating the property in dependence upon a late reflected wave field of a modified response acoustic signal, wherein the modified response acoustic signal is produced by suppression of a direct mode component.

A method, including: obtaining a seismic dataset that is separated into subsets according to predetermined subsurface reflection angle ranges; performing, with a computer, an acoustic full wavefield inversion process on each of the subsets, respectively, to invert for density and generate respective density models; generating acoustic impedances for each of the subsets, as a function of reflection angle, using the respective density models; and transforming, using a computer, the acoustic impedances for each of the subsets into reflectivity sections, wherein the transforming includes normalizing the reflectivity sections by their respective bandwidth.

Systems and methods for reservoir modeling include a super resolution seismic data conversion platform for converting input seismic data into high resolution output seismic data. The super resolution seismic data conversion platform can perform a super resolution inversion on the input seismic data by imposing sparsity and/or coherency assumptions on geophysical parameters represented by wavelet information of the input seismic data. For instance, a seismic trace interval can be determined, and both a reflection coefficient and an acoustic impedance of the seismic trace interval can be constrained. An optimization problem, using the constrained reflection coefficient and the constrained acoustic impedance, can be generated and/or solved by a sparse inversion. As such, a vertical resolution, as well as a seismic bandwidth, of super resolution output seismic data can be increased, improving subterranean feature (e.g., sand and/or shale characteristics) interpretation and well planning and construction.

Methods for seismic exploration of an underground formation including at least one anisotropic layer perform a joint velocity-variation-with-azimuth, VVAz, and amplitude-variation-with-azimuth, AVAz, inversion using the azimuthal angle stacks to obtain a structural representation of the underground formation. The structural representation is used to generate scenarios for exploiting resources in at least one layer of the underground formation.

Amplitude-versus-angle analysis for quantitative interpretation can include creation of a plurality of angle gathers from imaging a subsurface location with multiples in a near-offset range and imaging primaries outside the near-offset range and application of an amplitude-versus-angle analysis to the plurality of angle gathers to produce a quantitative interpretation pertaining to the subsurface location.

Systems and methods for training a model that uses probabilities of lithologies as prior information in an inversion are disclosed. Exemplary implementations may: obtain training data, the training data including (i) subsurface map data sets, and (ii) known lithologies; obtain an initial seismic mapping model; generate a conditioned seismic mapping model by training the initial seismic mapping model; store the conditioned seismic mapping model; obtain a target subsurface map data set; apply the conditioned seismic mapping model to generate a classified lithology map data set; apply an inversion to the classified lithology map data set to generate volumes of lithologies; generate an image that represents the volumes of lithologies; display the image.