A bandpass filter may include a set of layers. The set of layers may include a first subset of layers. The first subset of layers may include hydrogenated germanium (Ge:H) with a first refractive index. The set of layers may include a second subset of layers. The second subset of layers may include a material with a second refractive index. The second refractive index may be less than the first refractive index.

Embodiments of the invention are directed a waveguide having a first waveguide segment that includes a set of first waveguide segment confinement parameters; a second waveguide segment having routing bends and a set of second waveguide segment confinement parameters; and a third waveguide segment having a set of third waveguide segment confinement parameters. The waveguide is configured to guide optical data according to an asymmetric optical-loss performance curve that is a plot of the sets of first, second, and third waveguide segment confinement parameters on a first axis; and a level of optical-loss performance that results from the sets of first, second, and third waveguide segment confinement parameters on a second axis. The sets of first, second, and third waveguide segment confinement parameters are configured to, collectively, maximize a predetermined worst-case optical-loss performance level of the asymmetric optical-loss performance curve within a range of waveguide fabrication tolerances.

A method of processing by controlling one or more beam characteristics of an optical beam may include: launching the optical beam into a first length of fiber having a first refractive-index profile (RIP); coupling the optical beam from the first length of fiber into a second length of fiber having a second RIP and one or more confinement regions; modifying the one or more beam characteristics of the optical beam in the first length of fiber, in the second length of fiber, or in the first and second lengths of fiber; confining the modified one or more beam characteristics of the optical beam within the one or more confinement regions of the second length of fiber; and/or generating an output beam, having the modified one or more beam characteristics of the optical beam, from the second length of fiber. The first RIP may differ from the second RIP.

The disclosed embodiments generally relate to extruding multiple layers of micro- to nano-polymer layers in a tubular shape. In particular, the aspects of the disclosed embodiments are directed to a method for producing a Bragg reflector comprising co-extrusion of micro- to nano-polymer layers in a tubular shape.

Embodiments of the invention are directed a waveguide having a first waveguide segment that includes a set of first waveguide segment confinement parameters; a second waveguide segment having routing bends and a set of second waveguide segment confinement parameters; and a third waveguide segment having a set of third waveguide segment confinement parameters. The waveguide is configured to guide optical data according to an asymmetric optical-loss performance curve that is a plot of the sets of first, second, and third waveguide segment confinement parameters on a first axis; and a level of optical-loss performance that results from the sets of first, second, and third waveguide segment confinement parameters on a second axis. The sets of first, second, and third waveguide segment confinement parameters are configured to, collectively, maximize a predetermined worst-case optical-loss performance level of the asymmetric optical-loss performance curve within a range of waveguide fabrication tolerances.

Fiber bending mechanisms vary beam characteristics by deflecting or bending one or more fibers, by urging portions of one or more fibers toward a fiber shaping surface having a selectable curvature, or by selecting a fiber length that is to be urged toward the fiber shaping surface. In some examples, a fiber is secured to a flexible plate to conform to a variable curvature of the flexible plate. In other examples, a variable length of a fiber is pulled or pushed toward a fiber shaping surface, and the length of the fiber or a curvature of the flexible plate provide modification of fiber beam characteristics.

The embodiment relates to an optical connection component including a bent optical fiber having a bent portion including a region where a curvature of the bent portion is maintained at 0.4 [l/mm] or more while substantially no bending stress remains. The bent optical fiber comprises a core, a first cladding, a second cladding, and a third cladding. Based on the third cladding, a relative refractive index difference 1 of the core, a relative refractive index difference 2 of the first cladding, and a relative refractive index difference 3 of the second cladding satisfy relationships of 1>2>3 and 3<0.5 [%]. The product V3 of the 3 and a cross-sectional area S of the second cladding is less than 200 [%.Math.m.sup.2]. The curvature in the bent portion is 0.6 [l/mm] or less over an entire length of the bent portion.

Disclosed herein are methods, apparatus, and systems for providing an optical beam delivery system, comprising an optical fiber including a first length of fiber comprising a first RIP formed to enable, at least in part, modification of one or more beam characteristics of an optical beam by a perturbation assembly arranged to modify the one or more beam characteristics, the perturbation assembly coupled to the first length of fiber or integral with the first length of fiber, or a combination thereof and a second length of fiber coupled to the first length of fiber and having a second RIP formed to preserve at least a portion of the one or more beam characteristics of the optical beam modified by the perturbation assembly within one or more first confinement regions. The optical beam delivery system may include an optical system coupled to the second length of fiber including one or more free-space optics configured to receive and transmit an optical beam comprising the modified one or more beam characteristics.

A method of processing by controlling one or more beam characteristics of an optical beam may include: launching the optical beam into a first length of fiber having a first refractive-index profile (RIP); coupling the optical beam from the first length of fiber into a second length of fiber having a second RIP and one or more confinement regions; modifying the one or more beam characteristics of the optical beam in the first length of fiber, in the second length of fiber, or in the first and second lengths of fiber; confining the modified one or more beam characteristics of the optical beam within the one or more confinement regions of the second length of fiber; and/or generating an output beam, having the modified one or more beam characteristics of the optical beam, from the second length of fiber. The first RIP may differ from the second RIP.

An optical fiber includes a glass fiber and a coating resin covering an outer periphery of the glass fiber. The glass fiber includes a core, an inner cladding, a trench, and an outer cladding. An outer diameter of the glass fiber is 99 m or larger and 101 m or smaller. An outer diameter of the coating resin is 160 m or larger and 170 m or smaller. A mode field diameter for light having a wavelength of 1310 nm is 7.2 m or larger and 8.2 M or smaller. Bending loss at a wavelength of 1550 nm when wound in a ring shape having a radius of 10 mm is 0.1 dB/turn or less. Bending loss at the wavelength of 1550 nm when wound in the ring shape having the radius of 7.5 mm is 0.5 dB/turn or less.