A communication module inserted into and removed from a slot provided in a communication device, the communication module includes a communication cable, a casing disposed at an end of the communication cable and capable of being inserted into and removed from the slot, a latch arm slidable along the casing, and a grip portion extending from the casing. When the latch arm is operated so as to slide, an engagement between the casing and the slot is released, and the grip portion is connected to the latch arm such that the latch arm can be operated so as to slide, and the grip portion also has rigidity so as not to be bent by a weight of the casing.

An object is to be capable of housing an optical fiber that connects between components not to exceed a bending limit of the optical fiber in a housing of a pluggable optical module. A pluggable electric connector (11) is configured to be insertable into and removable from an optical communication apparatus (93). An optical output module (12) outputs an optical signal (LS1) and a local oscillation light (LO). An optical reception module (13) outputs a communication data signal (DAT) generated by demodulating using the local oscillation light (LO). A pluggable optical receptor (15) is configured in such a manner that optical fibers are insertable thereinto and removable therefrom. A first optical fiber (F11) is connected between the optical output module (12) and the pluggable optical receptor (15). A second optical fiber (F12) is connected between the optical output module (12) and the optical reception module (13). A third optical fiber (F13) is connected between the optical reception module (13) and the pluggable optical receptor (15). Optical fiber housing means winds extra lengths of the first to third optical fibers (F11 to F13) around a guide.

A test apparatus has at least one optical source, a high-speed photodetector, a microcontroller or processor, and electrical circuitry to power and drive the optical source, high-speed photodetector, and microcontroller or processor. The apparatus measures the frequency response and optical path length of a multimode optical fiber under test, utilizes a reference VCSEL spatial spectral launch condition and modal-chromatic dispersion interaction data to estimate the channels total modal-chromatic bandwidth of the fiber under test, and computes and presents the estimated maximum data rate the fiber under test can support.

An example optoelectronic module includes a housing that extends between a first end and an opposite second end. The optoelectronic module includes a printed circuit board (“PCB”) with an electrical connector at an end thereof, a transmitter electrically coupled to the PCB, a receiver electrically coupled to the PCB, and a receiving member including a plurality of ports each configured to receive a respective one of a plurality of fiber optic cables. In one aspect, the receiving member includes a plurality of deformable retaining members configured to be positioned in corresponding receptacles of the housing member in an arrangement structured to limit movement of the receiving member. In another aspect, the module also includes a plurality of fiber optic cable receptacles and a receptacle retaining member is positioned between the housing and the receptacles and limits movement of the receptacles in the housing.

Provided here are: a mounting section having a light-emitting element for emitting an optical signal; a mounting section arranged alongside the mounting section and having a light-emitting element for emitting an optical signal that is different in wavelength from the optical signal; and an optical multiplexer having a filter for transmitting therethrough only the wavelength of the optical signal, a mirror for reflecting the optical signal transmitted through the filter, and a filter arranged alongside the filter, for transmitting therethrough only the wavelength of the optical signal, and for reflecting the optical signal reflected by the mirror and multiplexing it with the transmitted optical signal; wherein the light-emitting element is mounted in the mounting section to be displaced toward the light-emitting element from a center in a width direction across an emission direction of the optical signal.

An optical receptacle connector includes a receptacle housing having housing walls defining a contact cavity and an optical cavity. The receptacle housing includes an upper wall and a lower wall at a front of the receptacle housing defining a card slot receiving a mating edge of an optical module circuit board of a pluggable optical generator module. The upper wall includes an upper wall opening above the card slot. A contact assembly having receptacle contacts is received in the contact cavity to supply power to the pluggable optical generator module to operate a light source of the pluggable optical generator module. A receive optical connector is coupled to the receptacle housing above the upper wall opening and mated with a supply optical connector of the pluggable optical generator module to receive optical signals from the supply optical connector.

An optical receptacle connector includes a receptacle housing defining a contact cavity, an optical cavity, and a card slot at a front of the receptacle housing configured to receive an edge of an optical module circuit board. A contact assembly having receptacle contacts is received in the contact cavity and extend into the card slot to supply power to the pluggable optical generator module to operate a light source. The optical receptacle connector includes a receive optical connector coupled to the receptacle housing having a ferrule holding at least one optical fiber configured to be mated with a supply optical connector of the pluggable optical generator module to receive optical signals from the supply optical connector.

An article of manufacture including a fiber optic termination of a small core optical fiber for use with a surgical laser (characterized by a high M.sup.2 factor) or other high-power or high-energy pulse laser is configured for safe and efficient coupling of light at a large laser focal point and/or to enable the process of coupling of radiant intensities exceeding the silica fiber damage thresholds and/or those ionizing the air if fully focused therein. The termination includes a glass cylinder structured to include a core region and a glass cladding region the ratio of dimensions of which is substantially equal to the ratio of respectively-corresponding dimensions of the employed optical fiber. A method of coupling laser light characterized by an M.sup.2 factor of 25 or higher into an optical fiber with the use of same.

Fiber optic assemblies are used to link transceivers carrying a signal from the transmitter portion of one transceiver to the receiver portion of another transceiver. The fiber optic assemblies have fiber optic connectors with a gender of either male or female. When the fiber optic connectors have fiber optic connectors with the same gender, the plurality of optical fibers are inverted and when the fiber optic assemblies have fiber optic connectors with an opposite gender, the plurality of optical fibers are not inverted. The inversion may also occur when the fiber optic connectors have the opposite gender in an alternative embodiment.

Both a conventional receiver and an HDR-compatible receiver well perform electro-optical conversion processing on transmission video data obtained by using an HDR opto-electronic transfer characteristic. High dynamic range opto-electronic conversion is performed on high dynamic range video data to obtain the transmission video data. Encoding processing is performed on this transmission video data to obtain a video stream. A container of a predetermined format including this video stream is transmitted. Metadata information indicating a standard dynamic range opto-electronic transfer characteristic is inserted into a layer of the video stream, and metadata information indicating a high dynamic range opto-electronic transfer characteristic is inserted into at least one of the layer of the video stream and a layer of the container.