An optical system is provided, including a light source, a light shape adjusting element, a light guiding module, and a driving assembly. The light source emits a light beam in a first direction, and the light shape adjusting element changes a cross-section of the light beam from a first shape to a second shape. The light guiding module includes a base and a light guiding element connected to the base for changing the propagation direction of the light beam from the first direction to a second direction. The driving assembly drives the light guiding element to move relative to the base.

An optical system is provided, including a holder, a fixed module, a driving assembly, and a first resilient member. The holder is used for holding an optical element that defines an optical axis. The fixed module is movably connected to the holder and has a housing and a base connected to the housing. The base has a bottom surface parallel to the optical axis and a first pillar forming a first surface that is not parallel to the optical axis. The driving assembly drives the holder to move relative to the fixed module. The first resilient member is disposed on the first surface and movably connects the holder with the fixed module.

A driving mechanism is provided, including a movable portion, a fixed portion and a driving assembly. The movable portion is movable relative to the fixed portion. The driving assembly drives the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion. The driving assembly includes a biasing element generating a driving force, and a first electrical connection portion electrically connected to the biasing element. The biasing element is clamped at a first position of the first electrical connection portion by a first clamping force, and the biasing element is clamped at a second position of the first electrical connection portion by a second clamping force The first clamping force is different from the second clamping force.

For improving AF performance, the mobile terminal includes a liquid lens, a storage configured to store a focal length based on applied voltages at two or more reference temperatures and a valid voltage range corresponding to a valid focal length range at the two or more reference temperatures, and a controller configured to perform compensation on the valid voltage range based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor, wherein the controller is configured to perform shift-compensation on the valid voltage range when the measured temperature is greater than or equal to a first threshold temperature, a shift amount corresponding to the shift-compensation being a value obtained by applying an interpolation to a shift amount at the two or more reference temperatures, and perform extension-compensation on the valid voltage range when the measured temperature is less than the first threshold temperature.

A lens assembly according to an embodiment includes a holder including a first sidewall having a first opening and a second sidewall having a second opening, a liquid lens unit including at least a portion disposed in the first opening and the second opening, and an adhesive member coupling the holder and the liquid lens unit, wherein the second opening faces the first opening in a direction perpendicular to an optical-axis of the liquid lens unit.

An optical element driving mechanism is provided. The optical element driving mechanism includes a fixed part, a movable part, a first driving assembly, and a second driving assembly. The movable part moves relative to the fixed part and holds an optical element with an optical axis. The first driving assembly includes a first magnetic element and a first coil. The first magnetic element and the first coil are arranged along a first direction. The first driving assembly drives the movable part to move relative to the fixed part along a second direction. The second driving assembly includes a second magnetic element and a second coil. The second magnetic element and the second coil are arranged along the first direction. The second driving assembly drives the movable part to move relative to the fixed part along a third direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are different. When viewed along the optical axis, the first driving assembly at least partially overlaps the second driving assembly.

An optical element driving mechanism is provided, including a fixed part, a movable part and a driving assembly. The fixed part has a main axis, includes an outer frame and a base. The outer frame has a top surface and a sidewall. The top surface intersects the main axis. The sidewall extends from the edge of the top surface along the main axis. The base includes a base plate intersecting the main axis and securely connected to the outer frame. The movable part moves relative to the fixed part, and connects to an optical element having an optical axis. The driving assembly drives the movable part to move relative to the fixed part. The main axis is not parallel to the optical axis.

A driving mechanism for an optical element is provided, having an optical axis, including a movable part, a fixed part and a driving assembly. The fixed part includes a sidewall parallel to the optical axis. The driving assembly drives the movable part to move relative to the fixed part. The sidewall is not in contact with the driving assembly.

An optical system is provided and includes a fixed assembly, a movable element, a movable assembly, and a driving module. The fixed assembly defines a main axis, and the fixed assembly has a casing on which a casing opening is formed, corresponding to the main axis. The movable element is movable relative to the fixed assembly and is connected to a first optical element. The movable assembly is connected to the movable element. The driving module is configured to drive the movable assembly so as to drive the movable element to move relative to the fixed assembly. The first optical element has a first section and a second section. When viewed along the main axis, the size of the first section is larger than the size of the casing opening, and the size of the second section is smaller than the size of the casing opening.

SMA actuators and related methods are described. One embodiment of an actuator includes a base; a plurality of buckle arms; and at least a first shape memory alloy wire coupled with a pair of buckle arms of the plurality of buckle arms. Another embodiment of an actuator includes a base and at least one bimorph actuator including a shape memory alloy material. The bimorph actuator attached to the base.