A laser projection system utilizes a waveguide having a narrow incoupler for double-bounce mitigation and form factor reduction. An optical scanner includes an optical relay positioned in between two scan mirrors. The first scan mirror scans laser light into the optical relay in a first dimension, and the optical relay and converges the scanned laser light towards a second scan mirror. The second scan mirror scans laser light along a second dimension substantially perpendicular to a path over which the laser light is scanned across the second scan mirror, and the convergence introduced by the optical relay causes the laser light to be scanned as a line or arc path of an exit pupil plane that is coincident with the incoupler. The optical relay may include one or more lenses or may be a monolithic molded structure, which may be an Offner-style relay or a molded reflective relay.

An attachment optical system is detachably attached to a magnification side of a projection optical system of a projection display device, and projects light emitted from the projection optical system on an imaging plane different from a magnification side imaging plane of the projection optical system. The attachment optical system includes an optical element having a second optical axis as an extension of a first optical axis of the projection optical system. The optical element has a plane of incidence on the second optical axis, a first reflecting surface that reflects light emitted from the plane of incidence, a second reflecting surface that reflects light reflected by the first reflecting surface, and an exit surface that transmits light reflected by the second reflecting surface. The first reflecting surface and the exit surface are continuous in an axial area where light passes the second optical axis and the first optical axis.

A virtual image display apparatus includes a display element, a projection lens configured to converge image light emitted from the display element, a prism configured to cause the image light by an internal reflecting surface thereof and moreover emit the image light from an emission surface thereof while refracting the image light, and a see-through mirror configured to reflect the image light emitted from the prism toward a pupil position. The projection lens, the prism, and the see-through mirror are arranged to form an off-axis system. AT an off-axis surface of the off-axis system, an intermediate pupil is arranged between the projection lens and the internal reflecting surface, with the intermediate pupil being arranged to be farther to the incident surface side of the prism than to the projection lens and the internal reflecting surface, and an intermediate image is formed between the prism and the see-through mirror.

A head-up display displays an image as a virtual image to an observer and includes: a display device to display the image; and a projection optical system to enlarge and project the image. The projection optical system includes first and second optical elements arranged in this order in an optical path from the image. The first optical element has a diverging action stronger in a horizontal direction than in a vertical direction. The second optical element has a converging action stronger in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction. A combined power of the first and second optical elements is larger in the vertical direction than in the horizontal direction. The virtual image is inclined by 45 degrees or more with respect a line of sight of the observer to have a lower end close to the observer and an upper end far from the observer.

A structure light module comprises: a VCSEL substrate comprising a VCSEL array comprising a plurality of individual VCSELs; a first spacer disposed on the VCSEL substrate; a first wafer level lens comprising a glass substrate and at least a replicated lens on a first surface of the glass substrate disposed on the first spacer; a FOE disposed on the first wafer level lens; a second spacer disposes on the FOE; a second wafer level lens comprising a glass substrate and at least a replicated lens on a first surface of the glass substrate disposed on the second spacer; a third spacer disposed on the second wafer level lens; a DOE disposed on the third spacer, where a structure light is projected from the DOE on a target surface for 3D imaging.

Provided is a medium-free projection system, comprising: a divergent beam emitted from a light source is collimated and homogenized by a light homogenizing rod and a first Fresnel lens and serves as incident light of a thin film crystal liquid crystal display screen, and a beam emitted from the thin film crystal liquid crystal display screen passes through a collimating optical element, and is converged by an imaging optical assembly into a target region to form an image, so that each point of the beam on an image plane fills an eye box. That is, the image suspended in air can be viewed by naked eyes in the range of the eye box, thereby realizing medium-free projection.

A projection system includes a first optical system and a second optical system including an optical element and disposed on the enlargement side of the first optical system. The optical element has a first transmissive surface, a first reflection surface disposed on the enlargement side of the first transmissive surface, a second reflection surface disposed on the enlargement side of the first reflection surface, and a second transmissive surface disposed on the enlargement side of the second reflection surface. The second reflection surface has a concave shape. A first optical axis of the first optical system and a second optical axis of the second reflection surface intersect each other.

A projection system includes a first optical system, a second optical system disposed at an enlargement side of the first optical system, and a third optical system disposed at the enlargement side of the second optical system. An intermediate image is formed between the first optical system and the second optical system. The first optical system includes a first lens disposed in a position closest to the enlargement side in the first optical system. The second optical system includes a mirror having a concave curved surface. The third optical system includes a second lens disposed in a position closest to the reduction side in the third optical system and having negative power. An effective range of the first lens is located at one side of an optical axis of the first optical system. An effective range of the second lens is located at the other side of the optical axis.

A head-up display displays an image as a virtual image to an observer and includes: a display device to display the image; and a projection optical system to enlarge and project the image. The projection optical system includes first and second optical elements arranged in this order in an optical path from the image. The first optical element has a diverging action stronger in a horizontal direction than in a vertical direction. The second optical element has a converging action stronger in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction. A combined power of the first and second optical elements is larger in the vertical direction than in the horizontal direction. The virtual image is inclined by 45 degrees or more with respect a line of sight of the observer to have a lower end close to the observer and an upper end far from the observer.

An optical imaging system having a free-form surface includes an image source for generating image light, a lens assembly for reflecting the image light incident thereon, a first reflective surface, a second reflective surface, and a beam splitter that are disposed opposite to each other. The present disclosure allows the image light to pass through the lens assembly twice, reduces the weight of the optical system, and makes the system structure more compact, thus providing an optical imaging system featuring low distortion, high image quality, and a compact structure. A reflective surface is disposed between the image source and the lens assembly, so that the distance between the image source and the lens assembly can be reduced. The second reflective surface is designed as a free-form surface and a first lens and a second lens are aspheric lenses.