An embodiment of an illumination device comprising a broad band artificial light source and a non-liquid chromatic diffuser transparent to visible light comprising a dispersion of elements of nanometrical dimensions of a first material with of certain refractive index in a second material with different refractive index, wherein the light is scattered producing a separation and different distribution between cold and hot components of the light originally produced by the source, according to a scattering process in “Rayleigh” regime. The device allows illumination effects similar to those of natural outdoor environments to be reproduced in indoor environments.

A luminaire (10) comprises an array of lighting units (12) arranged as a plurality of regions (14a-14e). A reflector arrangement (16) is provided over the array of lighting units (12) for directing the light from each region (14a-14e) of the luminaire (10) to a different spread of light output directions. Each lighting unit (12) of at least one of the regions (14a-14e) comprises a first sub-unit (20, 22, 24) with a first polarised light output and a second sub-unit (20, 22, 24) with a second light output which is different from the first light output in polarisation, wherein the first and second sub-units (20, 22, 24) are independently controllable. In this way, light output in a certain range of directions can be controlled to have a desired polarisation. By actuating different sub-units (20, 22, 24), the polarisation can be dynamically controlled. Thus, a system can be set up with a desired static polarisation output pattern, or the polarisation pattern may be controlled to evolve over time, for example in response to external user, sensor or data input.

An embodiment of a solid optical sky-sun diffuser, which comprises a transparent solid matrix embedding a dispersion of transparent nanoparticles having an average size d in the range 10 nm≤d≤240 nm; wherein: the ratio between the blue and red scattering optical densities γ≡Log [T(450 nm)]/Log [T(630 nm)] of said diffuser falls in the range 5≥γ≥2.5, where T(λ) is the Monochromatic Normalized Collinear Transmittance; in at least one propagation direction, said Monochromatic Normalized Collinear Transmittance is T(450 nm)≥0.4; in at least one propagation direction said Monochromatic Normalized Collinear Transmittance is T(450 nm)≤0.9, said propagation direction being the same or different from that at which said Monochromatic Normalized Collinear Transmittance is T(450 mm)≥0.4.

An optical device for modifying light distribution including a light-ingress surface and a light-egress surface. The light-ingress surface having convex areas and the light-egress surface comprises elevations so that the convex areas are configured to direct light to the elevations. Each elevation is configured to turn at least a part of light directed to the elevation sideward with respect to the height direction of the elevation. The convex areas of the light-ingress surface make it possible to direct the light to the elevations in a controlled way and thus the optical properties of the optical device can be designed more freely than for example in cases where the light-ingress surface is smooth or has depressions corresponding to the elevations so that the material thickness between the light-ingress and light-egress surfaces is constant.

A diffusion lens includes a first lens surface having a concave curved shape such that light generated from a light source is incident on the first lens surface, a second lens surface having a convex curved shape such that part of the light incident on the first lens surface is output from the second lens surface, a side surface extending from a periphery of the second lens surface in a vertical direction of the diffusion lens such that part of the rest of the light incident on the first lens surface is output from the side surface, and a bottom surface extending from a periphery of the first lens surface in a horizontal direction of the diffusion lens to meet a periphery of the side surface. Rates of change of the first lens surface and the second lens surface have the same sign, and a pattern in which arbitrary shapes are irregularly disposed or a pattern in which specified shapes are regularly or irregularly disposed is formed on the side surface and the bottom surface to diffuse the light passing through the side surface and diffuse the light reflected by the bottom surface. Besides, it may be permissible to prepare various other embodiments speculated through the specification.

An optical numerical computation device relates light from a plurality of light sources to calculate an arithmetic solution. The optical numerical computation device includes input circuitry, pre-calculation circuitry, calculation circuitry, a light collection cavity, and a plurality of light computation components. The pre-calculation circuitry and calculation circuitry cause light sources to emit light representing the values of input operands, which is subsequently related within the light collection cavity. Sensors then generate resultant outputs at values indicative of the sensed light value. The respective wavelengths of light used may be associated with an operand arithmetic sign or an order of magnitude.

A system of the present disclosure has a host testing device having a first wireless transceiver and having host testing device logic configured to transmit a test command via the first wireless transceiver. Additionally, the system has a remote testing device coupled to a system component. The remote testing device has a second wireless transceiver and remote testing device logic that receives the test command from the host testing device and executes the test command on the system component.

A light-emitting apparatus including a light-emitting element and a lens covering the light-emitting element. The lens includes an upper surface having a convex shape and a lower surface including a cavity to which light emitted from the light-emitting elements is incident, in which the cavity includes an apex facing an upper surface of the light-emitting element and configured to reduce Fresnel reflections emitted vertically.

A lighting lamp is provided. The lighting lamp includes a light module and a lens. The lens includes a lens body, provided with a first end and a second end which are opposite to each other and a side wall located between the first end and the second end, in which a light source of the lighting lamp is arranged at the first end, and at least a portion of the side wall is configured as a light emitting component. The lens also includes a light incident component, arranged at the first end of the lens body, in which the light incident component irradiates light emitted by the light source to the second end. The lens includes a light reflecting component, arranged at the second end of the lens body.

An infrared range-measurement device includes an emitting module, a receiving module and a calculating module, the emitting module includes an emitting light source and a driving circuit, and the receiving module includes a planar array photosensitive chip. The emitting light source, under the drive of the driving circuit, emits a test light beam, the test light beam is reflected by an object in a test range and then is incident on the planar array photosensitive chip, and the calculating module outputs a test light intensity or a test distance; an emitting lens is provided in an emitting light path of the emitting module. By shaping the test light beam to control a divergence angle and a shape of the light beam, and to make it match with the set working area of the planar array photosensitive chip, the overall utilization ratio of the test light beam is increased.