The display apparatus of the present disclosure includes an imaging light generating device and an optical system on which imaging light emitted from the imaging light generating device is incident. The optical system includes a first optical unit having positive power, a second optical unit having a positive power and including a first diffraction element, a third optical unit having positive power, and a fourth optical unit having positive power and including a second diffraction element forming an exit pupil, the first optical unit, the second optical unit, the third optical unit, and the fourth optical unit being aligned in order along an optical path of the imaging light. The second diffraction element is constituted of a volume hologram and has, in a cross-sectional view of the volume hologram, interference fringes continuously varying in pitch and inclination thereof from one end toward another end of the second diffraction element.

A holographic head-up display (HUD) including: a picture generation unit (PGU) including at least one laser light source to generate an optical image to be projected on a HUD; a first mirror to reflect the optical image from the PGU; a second mirror to reflect the optical image reflected by the first mirror; and a holographic optical element (HOE) to diffract the optical image reflected by the second mirror at a first diffraction angle to provide an output optical image in a target direction. The first mirror includes a reflective compensatory HOE to diffract the optical image from the PGU at a second diffraction angle, and in response to change of a wavelength of the optical image from the PGU, the reflective compensatory HOE is configured to diffract the optical image from the PGU at a third diffraction angle different from the second diffraction angle such that the HOE provides the output optical image in the target direction.

A mixed reality system for displaying virtual holograms using a head mounted display and a tracking device. The HMD has one or more cameras mounted on its exterior connected to a portable computing device. The cameras record what a user's eyes would see in the environment and project the images onto the screen panel display. The cameras also transmit tracking device data to a software application installed on a portable computing device. Light emitting diodes serve as tracking points for the detection algorithm. The tracking device can be configured to transmit data to the portable computing device via optical modulation. Less private radio frequency technologies can be employed such as Bluetooth or WiFi to enable one-way or two-way communication. In some embodiments, multiplexing can be implemented to enable identifying and differentiating multiple tracking devices in a single frame.

Systems and methods of determining a hologram of an image for a system comprising a display device and viewing system are disclosed. Some embodiments implement a multi-stage procedure comprising (i) determining a first complex light field at an entrance pupil of the viewing system, (ii) determining a second complex light field at a sensor plane of a sensor of the viewing system, (iii) determining a third complex light field at the entrance pupil, and (iv) determining a fourth complex light field at the display plane. Some embodiments include extracting a hologram from a data set corresponding to the fourth complex light field.

A method of preparing a glazing, comprising: stacking a first glass sheet, a first interlayer, a photopolymer film, a second interlayer, and a second glass sheet to provide a lamination stack; &airing the lamination stack; autoclaving the lamination stack to provide a laminated glazing; applying a reactive light to the photopolymer film in the laminated glazing, wherein reactive light is applied to the laminated glazing through a master holographic film; and bleaching the laminated glazing such that the photopolymer film is no longer reactive to light exposure.

A holographic display system including a first spatial light modulator panel and a second spatial light modulator panel is provided. The first spatial light modulator panel is configured to receive a first light with a first color, and generate a first diffracted light with the first color. The second spatial light modulator panel is configured to receive a second light with a second color and a third light with a third color, and respectively generate a second diffracted light with the second color and a third diffracted light with the third color. The first color, the second color, and the third color are different colors, and the first diffracted light, the second diffracted light and the third diffracted light form holographic images. A method for generating holographic images is also provided.

An imaging sensor assembly to reduce flare and ghost effects and enhance sharpness in a head-mounted device (HMD) is provided. The imaging sensor assembly may include a diffractive optical element (DOE). The imaging sensor assembly may also include a sensor substrate under the diffractive optical element (DOE). In some examples, the sensor substrate may include a plurality of color filters, and a plurality of photodiodes to detect optical illumination that passes through the diffractive optical element (DOE) to create one or more images.

A system includes an image realisation device for forming a source image and projection optics for rendering a display image on a display screen, wherein the display image is a virtual image corresponding to the source image. The projection optics have an optical axis, and the image realisation device includes a first image realisation surface at a first distance along the optical axis and a second image realisation surface at a second, different distance along the optical axis. The first and second image realisation surfaces overlap, and the first and second image realisation surfaces include multiple regions, each region switchable between a transparent state and an image realisation state such that the source image may be formed on a region of the first or second image realisation surface and projected through the projection optics to render the display image on the display screen at a first or second apparent depth.

An imaging system includes an image realisation device and projection optics for rendering a display image on a display screen. The image realisation device includes a first image realisation surface tilted relative to an optical axis such that a first point in a first region of the image realisation surface is at a first distance from the focal point of the projection optics and a second point in a second region of the image realisation surface is at a second different distance from the focal point of the projection optics. A first source image formed on the first region and projected through the projection optics renders the first display image on the display screen at a first apparent depth, and a second source image formed on the second region and projected through the projection optics renders the second display image on the display screen at a second apparent depth.

A head-up display and a system and method of operating a head-up display. The head-up display includes a prism, an imager and a camera. The prism has a first surface and a second surface. An infrared-reflective coating on the second surface of the prism has a maximum reflectivity at a selected wavelength. The imager is configured to project a hologram into the prism via the first surface, out of the prism via the second surface, through the infrared-reflective coating and into an eyebox. The camera is configured to receive an eye tracking beam from the eyebox that is reflected from the infrared-reflective coating. A processor determines eye information from the eye tracking beam and adjusts a parameter of the hologram based on the eye information.