A see-through reflective optical device includes: a reflective metasurface configured for a targeted design optical wavelength, wherein the reflective metasurface comprises a sub-wavelength periodic arrangement of meta-atoms formed by patterned isolated gap surface plasmon (GSP) resonators, where the patterned isolated GSP resonators comprise a patterned optically thin metal layer for the design wavelength, an optically thick metal layer for the design wavelength, and an insulator layer between the patterned optically thin metal layer and the optically thick metal layer; and an array of apertures of random positions and diameters greater than the targeted design wavelength formed through the reflective metasurface providing a designed percentage of light transparency through the reflective metasurface. The reflective metasurface of the see-through reflective optical device may comprise, e.g., a reflective diffraction grating metasurface, and may be used as a combiner element surface in a near eye display assembly.

A light guide member (10) includes three surfaces of a second surface (S12), a fourth surface (S14), and a fifth surface (S15) as two or more non-axisymmetric curved surfaces, and a projection lens (30) includes a lens surface (31a) as a non-axisymmetric aspheric surface. With this, on the light guide member side, even when there is a shape constraint that the first surface (S11) or the third surface (S13) which is a surface contributing to light guide is a flat surface, and correction of asymmetric aberration is limited, it becomes possible to perform sufficient aberration correction as the whole of an optical system including the projection lens. Therefore, the virtual image display apparatus can have a wide viewing angle and high performance, and can be made small and lightweight.

A head up display system, including: a display screen used for displaying an image; an imaging lens arranged on a light exit side of the display screen and used for imaging an image displayed on the display screen; and a curved reflecting mirror arranged on the side of the imaging lens facing away from the display screen and used for receiving imaging light of the imaging lens and reflecting said light to the position where human eyes are located. Relative positions of the display screen and the imaging lens are fixed, and the imaging lens and the curved reflecting mirror adopt a separate structure.

Provided is a laminated glass capable of suppressing multiple images. The laminated glass according to the present invention has one end, and the other end being at the opposite side of the one end and having a thickness larger than a thickness of the one end, and includes a first lamination glass member, a second lamination glass member, and an interlayer film arranged between the first lamination glass member and the second lamination glass member, and the interlayer film has a wedge angle of 0.10 mrad or more and 2.0 mrad or less, and the laminated glass has wedge angle of larger than the wedge angle of the interlayer film.

An asymmetric curved-surface prismatic image display optical system includes a first prism and second and third prisms respectively arranged in front of and behind the first prism. The first prism includes a light-exiting planar surface that is at an eye-adjacent side and is opposite to a light-entering planar surface of the second prism with an air gap therebetween and may serve as a reference for inspection of a free-form curved surface. The second prism has a light-exiting planar surface at the eye-adjacent side and parallel to a side planar surface of the third prism to allow an external-world image to be seen more clearly. Light from an image displaying panel first enters the first prism and is subjected to total internal reflection by the light-exiting planar surface toward the reflective curved surface to be reflected and re-directed to transmit through the second prism for image formation on a retina.

An optical system employs a waveguide including a first set of partially-reflecting surfaces (“facets”) for progressively redirecting image illumination propagating from a coupling-in region towards a second region, and a second set of facets in the second region for progressively coupling-out the redirected image illumination towards the eye of a viewer. The first set of facets includes at least a first facet close to the coupling-in region, a third facet fare from the coupling-in region, and a second facet located on a medial plane between the first and the third facets. The second facet is located in a subregion of the medial plane such that image illumination propagating from the coupling-in region to the third facet passes through the medial plane without passing through the second facet.

An optical combiner lens includes a lens and a lightguide with a gap defined between the lens and the lightguide. Spacers are disposed in the gap to maintain the gap at a set height. A method of making the optical combiner lens and a wearable heads-up display including the optical combiner lens are disclosed.

The present application relates to a display controller and display system and a method of operating thereof. At a filtering stage display image data are generated on the basis of received pixel-mapped image data. The filtering operation accepts a plurality of pixels out of the received image data as input values to generate a pixel of the display image data as output value. It is further determined whether the plurality of pixels being the input values to the filtering operation are marked. If all pixels thereof are marked, the output pixel being the output value is marked. The marked pixels in the display image data are validated on the basis reference data.

A retina scanning type display apparatus includes a scanning portion, a deflection member, and a light flux diameter expanding element. An incidence angle range in a first incidence direction with respect to an eye from the deflection member is broader than an incidence angle range in a second incidence direction, and, in the light flux diameter expanding element, an expanding magnification of light flux diameter in a first expanding direction, which corresponds to the first incidence direction, is greater than an expanding magnification of light flux diameter in a second expanding direction, which corresponds to the second incidence direction. In addition, in the scanning mirror, a width in a first scanning direction, which corresponds to the first expanding direction, is narrower than a width in a second scanning direction, which corresponds to the second expanding direction.

A vehicle window plate has a maximum value of a variation of a curvature in a vertical direction being ±7.6E-6 mm.sup.−2 or less at least within a HUD display area. The curvature preferably increases monotonically from a lower side to an upper side at least within the HUD display area.