A method of microscopy comprises collecting an emission light; symmetrically dispersing the collected emission light into a first order (“1.sup.st”) light and a negative first order (“−1.sup.st”) light using a grating; wherein the 1.sup.st light comprises spectral information and the −1.sup.st light comprises spectral information; capturing the 1.sup.st light and the −1.sup.st light using a camera, localizing the one or more light-emitting materials using localization information determined from both the first spectral image and the second spectral image; and determining spectral information from the one or more light-emitting materials using the first spectral image and/or the second spectral image; wherein the steps of localizing and obtaining are performed simultaneously. A spectrometer for a microscope comprises a dual-wedge prism (“DWP”) for receiving and spectrally dispersing a light beam, wherein the DWP comprises a first dispersive optical device and a second dispersive optical device adhered to each other.

An image display module according to the present disclosure includes a first display panel including a plurality of first pixels each including a first light-emitting element, the first display panel being configured to emit first colored light of a first wavelength region, a second display panel including a plurality of second pixels each including a second light-emitting element and a plurality of third pixels each including a third light-emitting element, the second display panel being configured to emit second colored light of a second wavelength region, and emit third colored light of a third wavelength region, and a synthesis optical system including a dichroic prism which including a dichroic mirror and being configured to synthesize the first, the second, and the third colored light, the dichroic mirror being configured to transmit or reflect the first colored light and reflect or transmit the second and the third colored light.

Disclosed herein is a system and method for facilitating estimation of a spatial profile of an environment based on a light detection and ranging (LiDAR) based technique. In one arrangement, the present disclosure facilitates spatial profile estimation based on directing light over one dimension, such as along the vertical direction. In another arrangement, by further directing the one-dimensionally directed light in another dimension, such as along the horizontal direction, the present disclosure facilitates spatial profile estimation based on directing light in two dimensions.

An imaging apparatus has a projector apparatus that projects light for forming a first image and a second image. A first pupil expander lies in the path of projected light and is configured to direct light to a viewer to form a first virtual image at infinity focus. A second pupil expander lies in the path of the projected light and is configured to direct light through a first lens and to the viewer to form a second virtual image near a focal plane of the first lens. A second lens is disposed to condition light from a visual scene lying beyond the second pupil expander.

An optical apparatus includes a substrate that is configured to redirect a predetermined percentage of an input light beam at a plurality of angles to form a set of output beams at each of the angles such that light beams redirected at each of the angles cooperate to form bands of light at a range of predetermined distances from the optical apparatus.

A cloaking device comprises an object-side, an image-side, a cloaked region between the object-side and the image-side. An object-side optical component and an object-side tilt correction (TC) component are positioned on the object-side, and an image-side optical component and an image-side TC component are positioned on the image-side. The cloaking device is tilted relative to an object positioned on the object-side such that light from the object is incident on the cloaking device at an acute angle. The object-side TC component redirects light from the object incident on the cloaking device such that the light propagates through the cloaking device generally normal to the object-side and image-side optical components. The image-side TC component redirects light propagating through the cloaking device back to normal to the object to form an image of the object on the image-side of the cloaking device which, if not for the TC components, would be distorted.

Provided is an optical element including: a main body which is formed of a medium capable of transmitting first light and second light having a wavelength longer than that of the first light, in which the main body includes an incident region into which the first light and the second light are incident, in which a gap which is inclined with respect to the incident region and in which a medium having a refractive index with respect to the first light and the second light lower than that of the main body is disposed is provided inside the main body, and in which a gap width from an interface bordering the main body and the gap is larger than a penetration length of an evanescent wave of the first light at the interface and is smaller than a penetration length of an evanescent wave of the second light at the interface.

The invention provides a projection device including a first display, a second display, a third display, a light-combining module, a first angle selector, a second angle selector, a third angle selector, and a projection lens. The first display, the second display, and the third display are respectively adapted to provide a first image beam, a second image beam, and a third image beam. The projection lens is configured on one side of a light-outgoing surface of the light-combining module, and is adapted to project the first image beam, the second image beam, and the third image beam out of the projection device. The first image beam, the second image beam, and the third image beam respectively pass through the first angle selector, the second angle selector, and the third angle selector, and are then transmitted to the projection lens by the light-combining module.

A three-dimensional light modulator, of which the pixels are combined to form modulation elements. Each modulation element can be coded with a preset discrete value such that three-dimensionally arranged object points can be holographically reconstructed. The light modulator is characterized in that assigned to the pixels of the modulator are beam splitters or beam combiners which, for each modulation element, combine the light wave parts modulated by the pixels by means of refraction or diffraction on the output side to form a common light beam which exits the modulation element in a set propagation direction.

The present disclosure provides an apparatus and method for wavefront reconstruction based on rotationally symmetric extended structured light illumination. The apparatus includes a laser device, a neutral density filter, a microscope objective, a pinhole, a collimating lens, a beam splitter prism, a spatial light modulator, a lens to be measured, and an image acquisition device that are sequentially arranged. The method permits modulation of incident parallel light into phase grating-like structured light by using a spatial light modulator. Based on the characteristic of non-infinitely small pixel unit of the spatial light modulator, changing the modulation pattern of the spatial light modulator may result in different forms of structured light. Not only the object to be measured but also the real structured light wavefront can be recovered by acquiring diffraction spots at the focal plane and simultaneously updating the object plane and the structured light plane using an algorithm