In a laser delivery system for an ophthalmic laser surgery system, a laser beam scanner employs a single or two MEMS micromirror arrays. Each micromirror in the array is capable of being independently actuated to rotate to desired angles. In one embodiment, one or two micromirror arrays are controlled to scan a laser beam in two directions. In another embodiment, a micromirror array is controlled to both correct optical aberrations in the laser beam and scan the laser beam in two directions. In yet another embodiment, a micromirror array is controlled to cause the laser beam to be focused to multiple focal spots simultaneously and to scan the multiple focal spot simultaneously. The ophthalmic laser surgery system also includes an ultrashort pulse laser, a laser energy control module, focusing optics and other optics, and a controller for controlling the laser beam scanner and other components of the system.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods including polarization sorting metasurface microlens array devices. In certain embodiments, a polarization imaging device is provided. The polarization imaging device includes: a source of image light; a metasurface lenslet array comprising a plurality of repeating metasurface lenslets, where the plurality of repeating metasurface lenslets comprise a plurality of first metasurface lenslets configured to diffract the image light into a first polarization light in a first direction and a second polarization light in a second direction; an image sensor positioned in the optical path of the first polarization light and the second polarization light, and where the image sensor includes a plurality of image sensing units including a first image sensing unit positioned to sense the first polarization light and a second image sensing unit positioned to sense the second polarization light.

Some implementations of the disclosure relate to an optical system, including: a first light source; a secondary light source that is optically coupled to the first light source; a reflective element that is transparent with respect to the first light source but reflective with respect to the secondary light source, the reflective element being disposed between the first light source and the secondary light source; and a semi-reflective layer disposed on the secondary light source, such that reflection of light from the secondary light source by the reflective element and back through the semi-reflective element results in greater than 25% of the light from first light source exiting the optical system.

The present disclosure related generally to techniques for improving the performance and efficiency of display systems, such as laser scan beam display systems or other types of display systems (e.g., micro-displays). Display systems of the present disclosure may include a polarization compensation optic, such as a spatially varying polarizer, that provides phase retardation that varies as a function of position, which provides polarization compensation to provide light that is well suited for a polarization sensitive optic of the display system, such as a waveguide-based optical system, a pancake optical system, a birdbath optical system, a coating-based optical system, etc. The display systems of the present disclosure may be components of head-mounted display systems, or other types of display systems.

A light source module includes a light emitting element having a resonator formed of a photonic crystal structure, and a polarization conversion element, wherein the polarization conversion element includes a polarization split layer that reflects first polarized light toward a first direction, and transmit second polarized light toward a second direction, a reflecting layer that reflects the first polarized light, toward the second direction, and a retardation layer which is disposed in a light path of one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light, and converts the one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light into another of the first polarized light and the second polarized light, the resonator has a resonant part, and in a plan view, a length of the resonant part in the first direction is shorter than a length of the resonant part in a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.

An optical system is provided that includes a correction portion including one or more spatially varying polarizers. A first spatially varying polarizer of the one or more spatially varying polarizers has a first control input configured to receive a first control signal indicating whether the first spatially varying polarizer is to be active or inactive. When active, the first spatially varying polarizer is operative to provide a first optical correction on light passing through the correction portion. The optical system includes a controller configured to determine whether to implement the first optical correction on the light passing through the correction portion and in response to determining to implement the first optical correction on the light passing through the correction portion, output the first control signal indicating the first spatially varying polarizer is to be active. Additional spatially varying polarizers may be controlled to provide additional or alternative optical corrections.

Patterned polarizers with reduced transition regions are formed using a directional etch. Multiple layers can be combined to produce filters for polarization cameras and displays as well as achromatic filters.

An adjustable beam directing optical system for a focused laser differential interferometer (FLDI) instrument according to various aspects of the present technology may include an optical half waveplate to achieve an incident linear polarization orientation with equal components of laser intensity aligned to the vertical and horizontal axis of the optical system, and an optical prism for splitting these components of an incident laser beam into two orthogonally-polarized beams equally about an optical axis of the FLDI instrument. A series of beam realignment devices positioned downstream of the optical prism are configured to selectively direct each beam to a predetermined location.

Provided is a multi-image display apparatus including a light source configured to emit light, a spatial light modulator configured to provide a first image by modulating the light emitted from the light source, and an optical system configured to transmit the first image provided by the spatial light modulator to a viewer, wherein the optical system is configured such that a travelling path of the first image provided by the spatial light modulator includes a first optical path in a first direction, a second optical path in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, and a third optical path in a third direction orthogonal to the first direction and the second direction, respectively, and wherein the optical system is configured such that the first image and a second image provided from an optical path different from the travelling path of the first image are provided to the viewer.

An isolator based on a waveguide-based artificial dielectric medium is scalable to a range of desired terahertz frequencies, has non-reciprocal transmission and provides low insertion loss and high isolation at various tunable terahertz frequencies, far exceeding the performance of other terahertz isolators, and rivaling that of commercial optical isolators based on the Faraday effect. Because terahertz artificial dielectrics are low loss, inexpensive, and easy to fabricate, this approach offers a promising new route for polarization control of free-space terahertz beams in various instrumentation applications. Artificial dielectrics are man-made media that mimic properties of naturally occurring dielectric media, or even manifest properties that cannot generally occur in nature. A simple and effective strategy implements a polarizing-beam-splitter and a quarter wave plate to form a highly effective isolator. Performance of the device is believed to exceed that of any other experimentally demonstrated method for isolation of back-reflections for terahertz beams.