Methods, apparatus, devices, and systems for displaying three-dimensional objects by individually diffracting different colors of light are provided. In one aspect, an optical device includes: a first optically diffractive component including a first diffractive structure configured to diffract a first color of light having a first incident angle at a first diffracted angle, a second optically diffractive component including a second diffractive structure configured to diffract a second color of light having a second incident angle at a second diffracted angle, a first reflective layer configured to totally reflect the first color of light having the first incident angle and transmit the second color of light, and a second reflective layer configured to totally reflect the second color of light having the second incident angle. The first reflective layer is between the first and second diffractive structures, and the second diffractive structure is between the first and second reflective layers.

A 3D display device and the driving method for the 3D display device are provided. The 3D display device includes a liquid crystal display panel for monochrome display, and an electroluminescence display panel for color display disposed under the liquid crystal display panel; the electroluminescence display panel includes a plurality of regions arranged in a matrix, the plurality of regions form columns of bright regions and columns of dark regions, which are arranged alternately the liquid crystal display panel includes a plurality of first sub-pixels arranged in a matrix; each bright region of the electroluminescence display panel corresponds to at least two first sub-pixels adjacent in row direction of the liquid crystal display panel.

An optical device includes a light-guiding plate that guides light in a plane parallel to an emission surface that emits light, and a sensor for detecting an object located on an emission surface side using light that passes through a back surface opposite to the emission surface and through the emission surface. The light-guiding plate has light convergence portions that receive light guided by the light-guiding plate and each have optical surfaces that cause light to be emitted from the emission surface in directions in which the light substantially converges at or scatters from one convergence point or one convergence line in a space, and the convergence points or the convergence lines for the light convergence portions are different from each other, and an image is formed in the space on the emission surface side by a collection of the convergence points or the convergence lines.

An optical device includes a light-guiding plate and light sources that each emit light to the light-guiding plate. The light-guiding plate has light convergence portions, the light substantially converges at or scatters from a convergence point or line, and an image is formed by a collection of the convergence points or lines, and a light convergence portion causes light to be emitted in directions in which the light substantially converges in or scatters from a range including a point located a first distance apart from the emission surface, and a second light convergence portion causes light to be emitted in directions in which the light substantially converges in or scatters from a range including a point located a second distance, which is longer than the first distance, apart from the emission surface, and the number of first light convergence portions is higher than the number of second light convergence portions.

A three-dimensional display device including a diffraction sheet including a transparent substrate, and a diffraction layer having a first diffraction pattern formed in a first array pattern and a second diffraction pattern formed in a second array pattern on the transparent substrate, the diffraction sheet measuring 10 inches or more in diagonal; one of a liquid crystal device having a plurality of pixels and a color filter having a plurality of types of color filters; and a light source. The first diffraction pattern and the second diffraction pattern are overlapped with the pixels or the color filters in a direction normal to the diffraction sheet with an amount of displacement being 1/10 or less of a pitch of the pixels or the color filters.

A multi-view pixel directional backlight module and a naked-eye 3D display device are provided. The multi-view pixel directional backlight module includes at least two rectangular light guide plates closely stacked together. A light-emerging surface of the rectangular light guide plate is provided with multiple pixel arrays. Light emitted by pixels in a same pixel array is pointed to a same viewing angle, and different pixel arrays have different viewing angles. At least one side of each rectangular light guide plate is provided with a light source group. Light emitted by the light source group enters the corresponding light guide plate, then emerges from pixels of respective pixel arrays on the light-emerging surface of the light guide plate, and is totally reflected at positions other than positions of the pixels within the light guide plate. Each of the pixels is a nano-diffraction grating.

Disclosed is an imaging directional backlight including an array of light sources, and a control system arranged to provide variable distribution of luminous fluxes, scaled inversely by the width associated with the respective light sources in the lateral direction, across the array of light sources. The luminous intensity distribution of output optical windows may be controlled to provide desirable luminance distributions in the window plane of an autostereoscopic display, a directional display operating in wide angle 2D mode, privacy mode and low power consumption mode. Image quality may be improved and power consumption reduced.

Disclosed is an imaging directional backlight including an array of light sources, and a control system arranged to provide variable distribution of luminous fluxes, scaled inversely by the width associated with the respective light sources in the lateral direction, across the array of light sources. The luminous intensity distribution of output optical windows may be controlled to provide desirable luminance distributions in the window plane of an autostereoscopic display, a directional display operating in wide angle 2D mode, privacy mode and low power consumption mode. Image quality may be improved and power consumption reduced.

A three-dimensional (3D) display apparatus, display module, and a manufacturing method thereof, are provided. The 3D display apparatus includes a display module including a first display panel configured to display a two-dimensional (2D) image, a second display panel disposed in front of the first display panel and spaced apart from the first display panel, and configured to display another 2D image that when combined with the 2D image displayed by the first display panel generates a 3D image, and a spacing panel comprising a rear surface on which the first display panel is attached and a front surface on which the second display panel is attached, the spacing panel providing an amount of space between the first display panel and the second display panel.

Optical devices and cognitive prosthetics based on novel components for enhanced human vision, selective video/television display, digital processing and/or unique image analysis to modify the image that a user sees and significantly improve the perception of that user are disclosed. What the user sees is responsive to specific perceptual and informational needs of the user in real time. Devices from the parent patents are herein made both more useful in practical day-to-day use and are more widely applicable to improving the ability of a user to perceive visual stimuli.