In certain embodiments, the systems, apparatus, and methods disclosed herein relate to robotic surgical systems with built-in navigation capability for patient position tracking and surgical instrument guidance during a surgical procedure, without the need for a separate navigation system. Robotic based navigation of surgical instruments during surgical procedures allows for easy registration and operative volume identification and tracking. The systems, apparatus, and methods herein allow re-registration, model updates, and operative volumes to be performed intra-operatively with minimal disruption to the surgical workflow. In certain embodiments, navigational assistance can be provided to a surgeon by displaying a surgical instrument's position relative to a patient's anatomy. Additionally, by revising pre-operatively defined data such as operative volumes, patient-robot orientation relationships, and anatomical models of the patient, a higher degree of precision and lower risk of complications and serious medical error can be achieved.

A contact lens (200) having an optical axis (240) and comprising an aperture (220) on the surface (210) is disclosed. The aperture (220) is located off-center of the optical axis (240) and the aperture (220) has a central axis which is arranged such that collimated light existing the aperture (220) is directed towards a blind spot (135) at the head of an optic nerve.

The invention relates to an optical lens comprising a substrate having a front main face and a rear main face, at least one of the main faces comprising a multilayer antireflection coating having a stack of at least one high refractive index layer and at least one low refractive index layer, wherein the multilayer antireflection coating(s) present on the main face(s) provide(s) the optical lens with an average blue light reflection factor R.sub.m.sup.B1 within a wavelength range of from 420 nm to 450 nm, which is higher than or equal to 17%, for an angle of incidence ranging from 0° to 15°, and the multilayer antireflection coating provides said at least one main face with a mean light reflection factor R.sub.v between 380 nm and 780 nm lower than or equal to 0.5%, for an angle of incidence ranging from 0° to 15°.

A microfluidic flow restrictor that uses micron-sized beads to impede flow is described. The flow rate can be adjusted by adding or removing the beads using injection needles through self-sealing ports, one injection needle injecting or aspirating beads and another injection needle pushing or pulling fluid from outside of a bead trap within the flow restrictor. In alternative embodiments, the beads or other filler material can be trapped in a manifold bead trap such that they block a subset of fluid channels of the flow restrictor, allowing fluid to flow freely through the rest of the fluid channels. The flow restrictor can be integrated with a contact lens or implantable medical device for use in dispensing liquid therapeutic agents at flow rates of microliters per minute or moving body fluids at a controlled rate from one part of the body to another.

Eyewear providing flexible audio to a user. The eyewear includes a frame having two temple arms. The frame also has a front rim retaining two lenses. The eyewear also includes an open ear speaker for firing directional audio to an ear of a user, thereby providing semi-private audio to the user. The eyewear may include a wireless connection to another smart device or network.

Ophthalmic lenses for correcting refractive error of an eye are disclosed. Ophthalmic lenses include a deformable inner portion and a deformable peripheral portion. When disposed over the optical region of an eye, the inner portion is configured so that engagement of the posterior surface against the eye deforms the posterior surface so that the posterior surface has a shape diverging form the refractive shape of the epithelium when viewing with the eye through the ophthalmic lens. The rigidity of the inner portion is greater than the rigidity of the peripheral portion and the ophthalmic lenses are configured to allow movement relative to the eye upon blinking of the eye and to be substantially centered on the optical region of the cornea following the blinking of the eye. Methods of correcting refractive errors of an eye such as astigmatism or spherical aberration using the ophthalmic lenses are also disclosed.

A contact lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a lens section to be worn on an eyeball. The contact lens further includes a communication electrode, a sensor device, a controller, and a shield layer in the lens section. The controller supplies electric power to the communication electrode, and outputs a signal corresponding to information acquired by the sensor device to the communication electrode. The shield layer is provided at a position facing at least one of the sensor device, the controller, or the communication electrode.

Use of high resolution environmental scanning electron microscopy to capture images of contact lens coating layers, enabling measurement of the coating thickness and structures of the coating layer to be precisely characterized. The coating layer can be directly visualized and quantitatively measured. Furthermore, controlled environments of varying temperatures and varying levels of relative humidity can be established in environmental scanning electron microscopy, such that the dynamic changes of the coating in such conditions can be imaged and measured. The controlled environments can be set up to mimic either the manufacturing process conditions, or be set up to simulate lens-on-eye conditions.

A scleral contact lens has a core containing an optical filter. The core and/or the optical filter may comprise oxygen impermeable material, such that an overall oxygen permeability of the core is insufficient to oxygenate a user's cornea when wearing the contact lens. To provide oxygenation to the user's cornea, the contact lens further comprises an outer covering, and an inner covering, each corresponding to a thin layer of gas-permeable material shaped to form a respective manifold between the covering and the core. Oxygen from an outside environment passes through the outer covering to reach the outer manifold, through an air path formed within the core to the inner manifold, and through the inner covering to reach the cornea of the user's eye.

The invention relates to an ophthalmic product which comprises a sealed and autoclave-sterilized lens package including (1) a post-autoclave packaging solution containing a polymeric surfactant having an HLB value of from about 11 to about 16 and a Mn of from about 800 to about 20,000 Daltons and (2) a readily-usable silicone hydrogel (SiHy) contact lens immersed in the packaging solution. The readily-usable SiHy contact lens comprises the polymeric surfactant thereon providing an excellent wettability to the readily-usable SiHy contact lens directly out of the lens package, and also the leachable polymeric surfactant which is physically distributed in the polymer matrix of the SiHy contact lens and can be released to the eye of a patient for at least 7 days of daily wear and to replenish the lens surface-bound polymeric surfactant to provide sustainable wettabilities to the contact lens and the eye.