To provide a technique for suppressing brightness non-uniformity of an area illuminated by a light source and also suppressing a decline in contrast between areas caused by incidence of a luminous flux of the area to another area. Provided is a light guide plate including: a diverging portion which is provided on an opposite side of a light exit surface from which light is emitted, the diverging portion causing a luminous flux emitted from a light emitting element to diverge; and a restricting portion which is provided, when a prescribed range from the light emitting element on the light exit surface is defined as an illuminated area illuminated by the light emitting element, in at least a periphery of the illuminated area on the light exit surface and which deflects or shields light traveling from inside toward outside of the illuminated area to restrict traveling, toward a side of the light exit surface, of light traveling toward the outside of the illuminated area.

Systems and methods are described herein for an optical beam-steering device that includes an optical transmitter and/or receiver to transmit and/or receive optical radiation from an optically reflective surface. An array of adjustable dielectric resonator elements is arranged on the surface with inter-element spacings less than an optical operating wavelength. A controller applies a pattern of voltage differentials to the adjustable dielectric resonator elements. The pattern of voltage differentials corresponds to a sub-wavelength reflection phase pattern for reflecting the optical electromagnetic radiation. One embodiment of a dielectric resonator element includes first and second dielectric members extending from the surface. The dielectric resonator elements are spaced from one another to form a gap or channel therebetween. A voltage-controlled adjustable refractive index material is disposed within the gap.

A liquid crystal phase modulation device includes a first substrate, a second substrate opposite to the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a first alignment layer, and a first spacer. The liquid crystal layer is between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first alignment layer is adjacent to the liquid crystal layer and having a first alignment direction. The first spacer is between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first spacer has a diamond shape in a top view, and the diamond shape of the first spacer has a first length in the first alignment direction and a second length in a direction perpendicular to the first alignment direction in the top view, and the first length is greater than the second length.

An object is to promote a reduction in thickness of a light guide plate and suppress brightness non-uniformity of the light guide plate. A light guide plate, including: a light exit surface from which light is emitted; an opposite surface on an opposite side of the light exit surface; a depressed portion provided on the opposite surface; and a plurality of scattering portions which are provided on the light exit surface, the opposite surface, and a bottom surface of the depressed portion and which refract and scatter light, wherein the depressed portion has a tapered surface which spreads from the bottom surface of the depressed portion toward an opening of the depressed portion.

A black matrix composition, a liquid crystal display panel and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The black matrix composition is used to form a black matrix layer, and components and percentages by weight of the black matrix composition are: an inorganic filler, and 5% to 10%; an alkali-soluble oligomer, and 5% to 10%; a crosslinking agent, and 5% to 10%; a photopolymerization initiator, and 1%; a thermochromic agent, and 1% to 10%; and a solvent, and 60% to 85%. When the temperature of the black matrix layer is less than 50 C., the black matrix layer is black. When the temperature of the black matrix layer is higher than or equal to 60 C., the black matrix layer is completely transparent.

A liquid crystal phase modulation device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer, and plural spacers. The second substrate is opposite to the first substrate. The first substrate has a first electrode layer, and the second substrate has a second electrode layer. The liquid crystal layer is between the first substrate and the second substrate. The spacers are between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Disclosed are a display panel and display apparatus. The display panel is divided into a display region and a peripheral region. The display panel includes: a first substrate; a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate; an alignment layer at least formed in the display region; and a sealing layer connecting the first substrate to the second substrate. The display panel is provided with a conducting wire group including at least one conducting wire, and the conducting wire includes a notch. The display panel includes at least one signal line. The signal line penetrates through the notch in the conducting wire to be connected to the display region. The signal line includes a first line segment and a second line segment communicated with each other. An included angle is formed between the second line segment and the first line segment which are bent relative to each other.

The method is provided for fabricating an optical metasurface. The method may include depositing a conductive layer over a holographic region of a wafer and depositing a dielectric layer over the conducting layer. The method may also include patterning a hard mask on the dielectric layer. The method may further include etching the dielectric layer to form a plurality of dielectric pillars with a plurality of nano-scale gaps between the pillars.

A method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device comprising the steps of providing graphene in an ethanol solvent, adding a liquid crystal to the graphene and ethanol solution, forming a liquid crystal graphene ethanol solution, evaporating the ethanol, and forming a pure liquid crystal graphene mixture. A liquid crystal device with faster electro-optic switching and higher polar anchoring strength comprising an LC cell having a polyimide (PI) alignment layer, the liquid crystal graphene mixture, wherein the graphene flakes preferentially attach to the PI alignment layer; wherein the effective polar anchoring energy in the LC cell is enhanced by an order of magnitude and wherein the electro-optic response of the LC is accelerated.

A liquid crystal display includes a substrate, a pixel electrode disposed on the substrate and including a first subpixel electrode and a second subpixel electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed on the first subpixel electrode and the second subpixel electrode. A first insulating layer is disposed between the substrate and the first subpixel electrode. A second insulating layer is disposed between the second subpixel electrode and the liquid crystal layer. A common electrode is disposed on the liquid crystal layer. The first subpixel electrode is disposed farther from the substrate than the second subpixel electrode, and the first subpixel electrode and the second subpixel electrode have facing edges which are connected with each other.