A method for manufacturing an electro-optically coupled switch in accordance with the present invention requires a sequential reconfiguration of a layer of semiconductor material. To begin, a base member is created wherein the semiconductor layer is positioned on a layer of insulator material with the insulator material positioned between the semiconductor layer and a semiconductor substrate. In sequence, with a first etch, the semiconductor layer is etched to create waveguides on opposite sides of a slot. In a second etch, the slot is deepened to expose the layer of insulator material in the slot. With a third contact pad doping process, pads can be positioned on top of the layer of insulator material for electrical contact with the respective waveguides. Metal contacts can then be placed on the contact pads, the slot can be filled with an electro-optical polymer and, if needed, the polymer can be poled.

An optical modulator for switching an optical signal of wavelength λ from one waveguide-electrode to another requires that both waveguide-electrodes be made of an electrically conducting material. Also, a non-conducting cross-coupling material fills a slot along a length L between the waveguide-electrodes. Importantly, cross-coupling material in the slot provides a separation distance x.sub.c between the waveguide-electrodes that is less than 0.35 microns. When a switching voltage V.sub.π is selectively applied to the waveguide-electrodes, a strong uniform electric field E is created within the cross-coupling material. Thus, E modulates the cross-coupling length of the optical signal by an increment ±Δ each time it passes back and forth through the cross-coupling material along the length L. Thus, after an N number of cross-coupling length cycles along the length L, when NΔ equals one cross-coupling length, the optical signal is switched from one waveguide-electrode to the other.

The present disclosure provides a method for producing a laminate for non-linear optics.

Disclosed is a polymeric waveguide for propagating light therein along width and length dimensions of the polymeric waveguide. The polymeric waveguide has a first curved surface on one side thereof and a second curved surface on an opposite second side thereof, and a refractive index spatially varying through a thickness thereof between the first curved surface and the second curved surface. The polymeric waveguide is curved in a cross-section comprising at least one of the width and length dimensions.

Disclosed is a polymeric waveguide for propagating light therein along width and length dimensions of the polymeric waveguide. The polymeric waveguide has a first curved surface on one side thereof and a second curved surface on an opposite second side thereof, and a refractive index spatially varying through a thickness thereof between the first curved surface and the second curved surface. The polymeric waveguide is curved in a cross-section comprising at least one of the width and length dimensions.

An EO polymer modulator with conformal atomic layer deposition sealant layers including an active region of a device material stack with an elongated tapered active section positioned on a passive waveguide core. The device material stack supported on a substrate with the passive waveguide core defining light input and light output side surfaces. A conformal atomic layer deposition sealant layer overlying the device material stack including the light input and light output side surfaces, the conformal atomic layer deposition sealant layer defining windows for the light input and light output side surfaces.

An EO polymer modulator with conformal atomic layer deposition sealant layers including an active region of a device material stack with an elongated tapered active section positioned on a passive waveguide core. The device material stack supported on a substrate with the passive waveguide core defining light input and light output side surfaces. A conformal atomic layer deposition sealant layer overlying the device material stack including the light input and light output side surfaces, the conformal atomic layer deposition sealant layer defining windows for the light input and light output side surfaces.

An EO polymer modulator including a substrate with a cladding layer formed on a surface and a passive waveguide core, having a cross-sectional area, formed in the cladding layer and including an elongated tapered active section. An elongated trench in the cladding layer, the elongated tapered active section of the waveguide core positioned in the elongated trench, electrodes positioned on a surface of the cladding layer on opposite sides of the elongated trench, and an elongated strip of EO polymer overlying the elongated tapered active section of the waveguide core. The elongated strip of EO polymer positioned between and parallel with the electrodes and coplanar with the electrodes.

An EO polymer modulator including a substrate with a cladding layer formed on a surface and a passive waveguide core, having a cross-sectional area, formed in the cladding layer and including an elongated tapered active section. An elongated trench in the cladding layer, the elongated tapered active section of the waveguide core positioned in the elongated trench, electrodes positioned on a surface of the cladding layer on opposite sides of the elongated trench, and an elongated strip of EO polymer overlying the elongated tapered active section of the waveguide core. The elongated strip of EO polymer positioned between and parallel with the electrodes and coplanar with the electrodes.

A photonic device structure includes: an electro-optical structure including a layer of optical material sandwiched by a pair of electrodes, wherein the layer of optical material is arranged to undergo an electro-optic activity when subjected to a voltage bias across the pair of electrodes; and a cladding layer adjacent to the electro-optical structure.