The present disclosure provides a backlight module, a method for preparing the same, a driving method and a display device. The backlight module includes a backlight source and a light guide structure arranged on a light emitting surface of the backlight source; the backlight source includes a substrate and a plurality of light emitting units arranged on the substrate at intervals; the light guide structure includes a first medium layer and a second medium layer, the first medium layer includes a plurality of first medium structures corresponding to the plurality of light emitting units respectively, and an orthogonal projection of each light emitting unit on the substrate is located within an orthogonal projection of a corresponding first medium structure on the substrate; and the second medium layer includes a plurality of second medium structures, the plurality of second medium structures and the plurality of first medium structures are arranged alternately.

The present disclosure provides a backlight module, a method for preparing the same, a driving method and a display device. The backlight module includes a backlight source and a light guide structure arranged on a light emitting surface of the backlight source; the backlight source includes a substrate and a plurality of light emitting units arranged on the substrate at intervals; the light guide structure includes a first medium layer and a second medium layer, the first medium layer includes a plurality of first medium structures corresponding to the plurality of light emitting units respectively, and an orthogonal projection of each light emitting unit on the substrate is located within an orthogonal projection of a corresponding first medium structure on the substrate; and the second medium layer includes a plurality of second medium structures, the plurality of second medium structures and the plurality of first medium structures are arranged alternately.

Provided is a miniature magneto-optical fiber switch. The miniature magneto-optical fiber switch includes a miniature three-fiber collimator, a miniature current coil, and a miniature space optical processing optical core. The miniature magneto-optical optical fiber switch realizes a 1×2 optical fiber switch structure and a 2×1 optical fiber switch structure by controlling the current direction of the coil.

An isolator includes a first waveguide with a linear shape and a second waveguide with an annular shape on a substrate including a substrate surface, the first waveguide being positioned along the substrate surface. The first waveguide and the second waveguide each include a core and a cladding. The first waveguide includes a first end, a second end, and a port at each of the first end and the second end for input and output of electromagnetic waves. The core of the second waveguide includes a non-reciprocal member in at least a portion of a cross-section intersecting a direction in which the second waveguide extends.

A lidar system, including: a laser, an optical detector, a laser antenna, and a silicon-based integrated magneto-optical circulator. The silicon-based integrated magneto-optical circulator includes a silicon-based integrated Mach-Zehnder interference structure or a silicon-based integrated micro-ring structure, and silicon-based integrated magneto-optical waveguides. The silicon-based integrated magneto-optical circulator further includes an input port, a receiving port, and an emission port. The laser is aligned and coupled to the input port of the silicon-based integrated magneto-optical circulator via an optical fiber, a grating coupler, or an edge coupler. The optical detector is aligned and coupled to the receiving port of the silicon-based integrated magneto-optical circulator via the optical fiber, the grating coupler, or the edge coupler. The laser antenna is aligned and coupled to the emission port of the silicon-based integrated magneto-optical circulator via the optical fiber, the grating coupler, or the edge coupler.

An isolator includes a substrate, a waveguide and an electronic circuit disposed above the substrate, and a non-reciprocal member disposed above the waveguide and the electronic circuit. The non-reciprocal member includes a first portion in contact with the waveguide and a second portion disposed within a predetermined range from the electronic circuit. Non-reciprocity in the second portion is weaker than non-reciprocity in the first portion.

An integrated optical circulator comprising at least two single-fiber bidirectional optical fiber interfaces (1), a refractive element group (2), an optical isolation element group (3), and an optical fiber array (4), wherein the refractive element group (2) and the optical isolation element group (3) are sequentially arranged on a same optical path; an incident signal light from each single-fiber bidirectional optical fiber interface (1) sequentially passes through the refractive element group (2) and the optical isolation element group (3), then is output by a corresponding outgoing optical fiber (43, 44) of the optical fiber array (4); the incident signal light from each incident optical fiber (41, 42) of the optical fiber array (4) sequentially passes through the optical isolation element group (3) and the refractive element group (2), and is output by the corresponding single-fiber bidirectional optical fiber interface (1). Multiple optical circulators are integrated within the volume of a same optical circulator, thereby reducing the volume occupied by optical circulators in an overall device, lowering the overall cost of the device, and improving the convenience of optical path integration.

An integrated optical circulator comprising at least two single-fiber bidirectional optical fiber interfaces (1), a refractive element group (2), an optical isolation element group (3), and an optical fiber array (4), wherein the refractive element group (2) and the optical isolation element group (3) are sequentially arranged on a same optical path; an incident signal light from each single-fiber bidirectional optical fiber interface (1) sequentially passes through the refractive element group (2) and the optical isolation element group (3), then is output by a corresponding outgoing optical fiber (43, 44) of the optical fiber array (4); the incident signal light from each incident optical fiber (41, 42) of the optical fiber array (4) sequentially passes through the optical isolation element group (3) and the refractive element group (2), and is output by the corresponding single-fiber bidirectional optical fiber interface (1). Multiple optical circulators are integrated within the volume of a same optical circulator, thereby reducing the volume occupied by optical circulators in an overall device, lowering the overall cost of the device, and improving the convenience of optical path integration.

An apparatus includes a horn having a horn body including at least one horn sidewall defining a first opening that tapers down to a second opening in a direction of elongation and a port that is tubular and dimensionally uniform transverse to the direction of elongation and extends in the direction of elongation from a first port end that is in communication with the second opening to a second port end that defines an external opening. A dielectric rod includes a rod length extending between a first rod end and a second rod end with the first rod end extending through the external opening of the second port end and into the port cavity such that the first rod end is in a spaced apart relationship from the port sidewall along the light path.

A magnetic field sensor comprises a magnetically responsive light propagating component configured to cause a polarization of light propagating inside the component to be rotated in response to an applied magnetic field, wherein the magnetically responsive light propagating component is formed of a bulk material doped with a dopant, the dopant including at least gadolinium, the dopant concentration being at a sufficiently low concentration such that the dopant is uniformly dispersed in the bulk material to provide a high Verdet constant. The magnetic field sensor also comprises a detector, and a polarization-maintaining light input device to couple the light into the magnetically responsive light propagating component. The detector is configured to measure a property of light output from the magnetically responsive light propagating component to determine a change in polarization of the light, the change caused by the presence of a magnetic field.