An optical device for providing illumination light includes an optical waveguide and a plurality of polarization selective elements. The plurality of polarization selective elements is disposed adjacent to the optical waveguide so that a respective polarization selective element receives light in a first direction, and redirects a first portion of the light in a second direction. A second portion, distinct from the first portion, of the light undergoes total internal reflection, thereby continuing to propagate inside the optical waveguide.

An optical processing apparatus and an optical system. The apparatus includes an input port, an optical path conversion assembly, an LCoS assembly, and an output port. The input port receives a first light beam. The optical path conversion assembly performs chromatic dispersion on the first light beam to obtain a second light beam, the second light beam being a single-wavelength light beam. The LCoS assembly diffracts the second light beam to obtain diffracted light of the second light beam. The diffracted light of the second light beam includes 0-order diffracted light and +1-order diffracted light. The optical path conversion assembly transmits the diffracted light of the second light beam, and converges the +1-order diffracted light to the output port. The output port collimates and outputs the received +1-order diffracted light.

An optical device includes: a first mirror having translucency and including a first reflecting surface extending along a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction; a second mirror including a second reflecting surface facing the first reflecting surface; an optical waveguide layer located between the first mirror and the second mirror, the optical waveguide layer including a plurality of non-waveguide areas laid side-by-side along the second direction and one or more optical waveguide areas located between the plurality of non-waveguide areas, the optical waveguide areas containing a liquid crystal material, having a higher average refractive index than do the plurality of non-waveguide areas, and propagating light along the first direction; and two electrode layers facing each other across the optical waveguide layer, at least one of the two electrode layers including a plurality of electrodes laid side-by-side along the second direction.

An optical device includes a first substrate having a first surface, a second substrate having a second surface, at least one optical waveguide, and a plurality of spacers, disposed on at least either the first surface or the second surface, that include a first portion and a second portion. The first portion of the plurality of elastic spacers is at least one elastic spacer located in a region between the first substrate and the second substrate in which the first substrate and the second substrate overlap each other as seen from an angle parallel with a direction perpendicular to the first surface. The second portion of the plurality of elastic spacers is at least one elastic spacer located in a region in which the first substrate and the second substrate do not overlap each other as seen from an angle parallel with the direction perpendicular to the first surface.

There is provided a phase shifter including a first substrate, a second substrate and a dielectric layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first substrate includes a first base and a first electrode layer on a side, of the first base, the second substrate includes a second base, a second electrode layer and a reference voltage leading-in end on a side of the second base, the reference voltage leading-in end is coupled to the second electrode layer, one of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer includes a body structure and a branch structures; an orthographic projection of an end of each branch structure away from the body structure on the first base is overlapped with an orthographic projection of the second electrode layer or the first electrode layer on the first base. An antenna is further provided.

Methods of manufacturing a liquid crystal device including depositing a layer of liquid crystal material on a substrate and imprinting a pattern on the layer of liquid crystal material using an imprint template are disclosed. The liquid crystal material can be jet deposited. The imprint template can include surface relief features, Pancharatnam-Berry Phase Effect (PBPE) structures or diffractive structures. The liquid crystal device manufactured by the methods described herein can be used to manipulate light, such as for beam steering, wavefront shaping, separating wavelengths and/or polarizations, and combining different wavelengths and/or polarizations.

A projection-type display apparatus synthesizes and emits light emitted from a plurality of liquid crystal devices with a projection optical system. Provided that a liquid crystal at an inner side of a seal material in the plurality of liquid crystal devices is V1 in volume and a liquid crystal in a display region is V2 in volume in the plurality of liquid crystal devices, in a second liquid crystal device (a liquid crystal device for blue light) on which light having a wavelength shorter than the wavelength of light being incident on a first liquid crystal device (a liquid crystal device for green light) is incident on the display region, a liquid crystal volume ratio V1/V2 is greater than that of the first liquid crystal device, among the plurality of liquid crystal devices.

Architectures are provided for selectively incoupling one or more streams of light from a multiplexed light stream into a waveguide. The multiplexed light stream can have light with different characteristics (e.g., different wavelengths and/or different polarizations). The waveguide can comprise in-coupling elements that can selectively couple one or more streams of light from the multiplexed light stream into the waveguide while transmitting one or more other streams of light from the multiplexed light stream.

Light having high directivity and high uniformity is emitted. A light source apparatus (10) according to the present invention includes: a light emitting body group (11a) in which a plurality of light sources (11) that emit directional light are arranged on one surface; and a first visual field limiting film (12) that is provided on an optical path of the light emitted from the plurality of light sources (11), and outputs light that enters the first visual field limiting film in a first predetermined angular range by homogeneously diffusing the light within the first predetermined angular range.

A liquid crystal-based non-mechanical beam steering device that permits steering in the mid-wave infrared and has a chalcogenide waveguide. The waveguide core, the subcladding, or both comprise a chalcogenide glass. The liquid crystal-based non-mechanical beam steering device has a tapered subcladding and a liquid crystal layer.