A viewing angle adjustment device and a display device including the same are discussed. The viewing angle adjustment device can include a first protective layer, a second protective layer disposed on the first protective layer, a light conversion layer disposed between the first protective layer and the second protective layer and including dispersion liquid having dispersed floating particles, and an auxiliary light conversion layer disposed on the second protective layer. The auxiliary light conversion layer can include first patterns where a light absorbing layer and a transparent layer are disposed in a center area, and second patterns where the light absorption layer, the transparent layer and a reflective layer are disposed in an edge area.

An optical path control device and a display device including the same are discussed. The optical path control device can include a first substrate, a first electrode disposed on the first substrate, a second electrode disposed on the first substrate, a second electrode disposed under the second substrate, and a photoconversion layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The photoconversion layer can include a partition portion and a receiving portion that are alternately arranged, and the receiving portion can include suspended particles. The first electrode can include a first auxiliary electrode disposed on a first area of the first substrate and a second auxiliary electrode disposed on a second area of the first substrate.

A switchable optical element, a smart window having the same, and a method for switching between optical states of the element such that the optical element includes a pair of substrates disposed facing each other, and at least one cell arranged between the pair of substrates and filled with scattering particles. An electrode configuration is provided on the pair of substrates such that a first group of cell electrodes is interleaved with electrodes of a second group of cell electrodes on a face of a first substrate, and a third group of cell electrodes is interleaved with electrodes of a fourth group of cell electrodes on a face of a second substrate. Switching of the cell includes laterally transporting over at least a distance corresponding to two adjacent cell electrodes of one same cell electrode group and confining the scattering particles to a confinement region within the cell.

A switchable optical element, a smart window having the same, and a method for switching between optical states of the element such that the optical element includes a pair of substrates disposed facing each other, and at least one cell arranged between the pair of substrates and filled with scattering particles. An electrode configuration is provided on the pair of substrates such that a first group of cell electrodes is interleaved with electrodes of a second group of cell electrodes on a face of a first substrate, and a third group of cell electrodes is interleaved with electrodes of a fourth group of cell electrodes on a face of a second substrate. Switching of the cell includes laterally transporting over at least a distance corresponding to two adjacent cell electrodes of one same cell electrode group and confining the scattering particles to a confinement region within the cell.

A method of driving an electro-optic display including a layer of electro-optic material disposed between a common electrode and a backplane including an array of pixel electrodes, each coupled to a transistor including a source, gate, and drain electrode. The gate electrode is coupled to a gate line, the source electrode is coupled to a scan line, and the drain electrode is coupled to the pixel electrode. A controller provides time-dependent voltages to the gate, scan, and common electrodes, including a common electrode that is the maximum voltage the controller is capable of applying, and a scan line voltage to every pixel that is the maximum voltage the controller is capable of applying. A gate voltage sufficient to activate the pixel transistor to the gate of every pixel transistor is applied, thereby applying voltage potential across the electro-optic material.

A method of driving an electro-optic display including a layer of electro-optic material disposed between a common electrode and a backplane including an array of pixel electrodes, each coupled to a transistor including a source, gate, and drain electrode. The gate electrode is coupled to a gate line, the source electrode is coupled to a scan line, and the drain electrode is coupled to the pixel electrode. A controller provides time-dependent voltages to the gate, scan, and common electrodes, including a common electrode that is the maximum voltage the controller is capable of applying, and a scan line voltage to every pixel that is the maximum voltage the controller is capable of applying. A gate voltage sufficient to activate the pixel transistor to the gate of every pixel transistor is applied, thereby applying voltage potential across the electro-optic material.

A vehicle light-adjusting system capable of adjusting the brightness in a vehicle interior day and night and appropriately performing light-adjustment for each of occupants. The vehicle light-adjusting system includes an incident portion which external light enters, a light-adjusting member arranged in the incident portion, a light emitting unit provided in an interior of the vehicle, and a control unit. The control unit controls transmittance of the light-adjusting member and controls illuminance of the light emitting unit. The light-adjusting member is divided into a plurality of parts. The control unit is capable of adjusting an individual transmittance of each of the parts.

Optical states in TIR-based image displays may be modulated by movement of electrophoretically mobile particles into and out of the evanescent wave region at the interface of a high refractive index convex protrusions and a low refractive index medium. The movement of particles into the evanescent wave region may frustrate TIR and form dark states at pixels. Movement of particles out of the evanescent wave region may allow for TIR of incident light to form bright states at pixels. The movement of the particles may be controlled by employing the drive methods of pulse width modulation, voltage modulation or a combination thereof.

Optical states in TIR-based image displays may be modulated by movement of electrophoretically mobile particles into and out of the evanescent wave region at the interface of a high refractive index convex protrusions and a low refractive index medium. The movement of particles into the evanescent wave region may frustrate TIR and form dark states at pixels. Movement of particles out of the evanescent wave region may allow for TIR of incident light to form bright states at pixels. The movement of the particles may be controlled by employing the drive methods of pulse width modulation, voltage modulation or a combination thereof.

A light path control member according to an embodiment comprises: a first substrate including an effective area and an ineffective area; a first electrode disposed on the first substrate; a second substrate disposed on the first substrate and including an effective area and an ineffective area; a second electrode disposed under the second substrate; and a light conversion unit disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The light conversion unit includes an alternating arrangement of partition wall parts and reception parts. A first hole passing through the first substrate is formed in at least one of the effective area or the ineffective area of the first substrate. A second hole passing through the first substrate is formed in at least one of the effective area or the ineffective area of the second substrate. A first connection electrode is disposed in the first hole, and a second connection electrode is disposed in the second hole.