A semiconductor device includes an electrode which is arranged on an organic material with an insulation film interposed therebetween and which does not easily peel away from the organic material along with the insulation film. An insulation film in a region including pad portions of a phase shift electrode and a modulation electrode has openings at the centers of the pad portions of the phase shift electrode and the modulation electrode, the edge portions of which are formed on the phase shift electrode and the modulation electrode. In this way, the adjoining edges of the phase shift electrode and modulation electrode and the insulation film are all covered by the insulation film so as not to be exposed to the atmosphere. By covering the cracks that occur in the insulation film in the production process with the insulation film made of SiO.sub.2, SiN.sub.x, SiON.sub.x or the like, an organic solvent such as acetone or ethanol used in the process can be prevented from seeping in between the insulation film and the organic material through the cracks in the insulation film.

A phosphor screen for a Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS) image intensifier includes a wafer structure, a lattice of interior walls, a thin film phosphor layer, and a reflective metal layer. The wafer structure has a naturally opaque top layer and an active area defined within the naturally opaque top layer. The lattice of interior walls is formed, within the active area, from the naturally opaque top layer. The thin film phosphor layer is disposed in the active area, between the lattice of interior walls. The reflective metal layer that is disposed atop the thin film phosphor layer. In at least some instances, the thin film phosphor layer is a non-particle phosphor layer.

An optical modulator has an optical input port and an optical output port provided on a same end of a substrate; an optical waveguide pair formed in the substrate and configured to form a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, one end of the optical waveguide pair being connected to the optical input port and the other end of the optical waveguide pair being connected to the optical output port, the optical waveguide pair having a bending part; a groove provided along the optical waveguide pair in the bending part; and a signal electrode that applies a high-frequency electrical signal to the optical waveguide pair, wherein the signal electrode has an expanded section having an increased cross sectional area at a section intersecting the groove.

In accordance with various embodiments of the disclosed subject matter, a system, device and method for an electrically tunable wavelength selection filter comprising a wavelength selection filter portion having a plurality of alternating thin films of two dielectric materials with a thin film capacitor displacing one pair of alternating thin films, and an order sorting filter portion electrically isolated from but proximate the wavelength selection filter and having a plurality of alternating thin films of two dielectric materials where one of the dielectric materials exhibits a voltage-dependent refractive index. Independently controlling the capacitor charging voltage and the voltage across the order sorting filter enables selective transmission of narrow spectral lines across a desired frequency region.

Methods and systems are described for adjusting an optical signal. An example device can comprise a plurality of waveguides. The device can comprise an interference structure optically coupled to the plurality of waveguides and configured to receive an optical signal and distribute the optical signal to the plurality of waveguides as a plurality of optical signals. The device can comprise a plurality of phase shifters coupled to corresponding waveguides of the plurality of waveguides and configured to adjust the phase of one or more of the plurality of optical signals. The device can comprise a plurality of emitters optically coupled to corresponding outputs of the plurality of phase shifters and configured to output the adjusted plurality of optical signals. The adjusted plurality of optical signals can be output as light patterns reconfigurable in at least one dimension.

An optical fiber array includes a support, a single-mode optical fiber and a plurality of multimode optical fibers, the single-mode optical fiber and the multimode optical fibers being arranged on the support, and a polarizing plate provided on an end face of the support, wherein the single-mode optical fiber has polarization maintaining characteristics, an end face of the single-mode optical fiber and end faces of the multimode optical fibers face the end face of the support, and the polarizing plate covers the end faces of the multimode optical fibers.

An optical full-field transmitter for an optical communications network includes a primary laser source configured to provide a narrow spectral linewidth for a primary laser signal, and a first intensity modulator in communication with a first amplitude data source. The first intensity modulator is configured to output a first amplitude-modulated optical signal from the laser signal. The transmitter further includes a first phase modulator in communication with a first phase data source and the first amplitude-modulated optical signal. The first phase modulator is configured to output a first two-stage full-field optical signal. The primary laser source has a structure based on a III-V compound semiconductor.

An optical phased array includes, in part, a multitude of optical signal emitters and a multitude of optical signal phase/delay elements each associated with and disposed between a different pair of the optical signal emitters. Each optical signal phase/delay element is adapted to cause a phase/delay shift between the optical signals emitted from its associated pair of optical signal emitters. Each optical signal phase/delay element is optically a ring resonator that includes a p-i-n junction. By varying the bias applied to the p-i-n junction, the phase/delay generated by the ring resonator is varied. Furthermore, each optical signal emitter is optionally an optical grating having a multitude of grooves. The groove lengths of the optical gratings are optionally selected so as to increase along the direction of travel of the input optical signal through the optical phase array.

Provided are a multilayer thin-film structure and a phase shifting device using the same. The multilayer thin-film structure includes at least one crystallization preventing layer and at least one dielectric layer that are alternately stacked. The at least one crystallization preventing layer includes an amorphous material, and a thickness of the at least one crystallization preventing layer is less than a thickness of the at least one dielectric layer.

An optical fiber array includes: a support; a single-mode optical fiber and a plurality of multimode optical fibers, the single-mode optical fiber and the multimode optical fibers being arranged on the support; and a polarizing plate provided on an end face of the support, wherein the single-mode optical fiber has polarization maintaining characteristics, an end face of the single-mode optical fiber and end faces of the multimode optical fibers face the end face of the support, and the polarizing plate covers the end faces of the multimode optical fibers.