Systems, devices, and methods are provided for all-optical reconfigurable activation devices for realizing various activations functions having normalized output power. The device and systems disclosed herein include an interferometer comprising a first branch formed of a first waveguide and a second branch formed of a second waveguide. A resonator cavity is coupled to the second first waveguide and at least one phase-shift mechanism is coupled to one of the second waveguide and the resonator cavity. The at least one phase-shift mechanism is configured to control biases of the interferometer to achieve a desired activation function at an output of the interferometer, and an optical amplification mechanism is coupled to the output of the interferometer and configured to add optical gain to the desired activation function.

An optical circuit includes a resonator including a nonlinear optical material having intensity-dependent absorption, an input, and an output. The optical circuit includes an optical input path coupled to the input of the resonator and provides an optical logic input, an optical reference path coherently coupled to the resonator and configured to provide a first reference signal coupled to the optical input path and a second reference signal, and an optical output path coupled to the output of the resonator and configured to receive the second reference signal. The resonator receives a combined version of the optical logic input and the first reference signal, and provides an optical output signal based on the optical logic input, the first reference signal, and an intensity threshold of the nonlinear optical material. The optical output path provides an optical logic output corresponding to an output logic state based on the optical output signal and the second reference signal. The coherent coupling of the optical reference path to the resonator is configured to provide optical gain.

An atomic inertial interferometer comprises a laser that emits a CW beam; a modulator that modulates the CW beam; a filter and delay mechanism that receives the modulated beam, and includes a first pathway and a second pathway longer than the first pathway; a comb generator that receives the modulated beam, and produces a frequency comb; and a comb drive coupled to the comb generator to generate a multiple of a comb repetition rate, the comb drive including a HF source coupled to a bandpass filter. A vacuum cell holds a sample of cold atoms. The frequency comb counter-propagates with respect to the modulated beam to provide velocity slicing of the cold atoms such that a given temperature distribution of the cold atoms is sliced into a plurality of narrow temperature distributions that are probed individually and in parallel, to extract an interference signal from the narrow temperature distributions.