Beam adaptation devices are disclosed for variable-astigmatic adjustment of electromagnetic radiation propagating along a beam axis of the beam adaptation device. The devices include a first astigmatism lens unit, which provides at least one first lens tiltable with respect to the beam axis for astigmatism adjustment, a divergence matching lens unit with a second lens for adjusting the divergence, wherein the distance between the second lens and the first lens along the beam axis is adjustable, and a second astigmatism lens unit with at least one third lens tiltable with respect to the beam axis for astigmatism adjustment. To adjust the magnitude of the electromagnetic radiation on the third lens, the distance between the second lens and the third lens along the beam axis is adjustable. The beam adaptation device can be used, for example, for astigmatic pre-compensation in frequency conversion.

A solid state laser device includes a seed laser that outputs continuous wave laser seed light, a light intensity changeable unit that changes a light intensity thereof and outputs seed pulse light, a CW excitation laser that outputs continuous wave excitation light, an amplifier that amplifies the seed pulse light and outputs amplified light based on an amplification gain increased by the excitation light, a wavelength conversion unit that converts a wavelength of the amplified light and outputs harmonic light, and a light intensity control unit that allows the light intensity changeable unit to output the seed pulse light after a certain time elapsed from an input of an external trigger signal each time the signal is input and output suppression light that suppresses an increase of the amplification gain in a period after an output of the seed pulse light until an input of a next external trigger signal.

A method and apparatus for analyzing carbon isotope .sup.14C is provided. A carbon isotope analyzer including an isotopic carbon dioxide generator to generate isotopic carbon dioxide from a carbon isotope; a spectrometer including an optical resonator having a pair of mirrors, and a photodetector to determine the intensity of light transmitted from the optical resonator; and a light generator including a light source, a first optical fiber to transmit a light beam from the light source, a second optical fiber for wavelength conversion, the second optical fiber branching from the first optical fiber at a point and combining with the first optical fiber at another point downstream of the branching point, and a non-linear optical crystal to generate light having the absorption wavelength of the isotopic carbon dioxide on the basis of the difference in frequency between light beams transmitted through the optical crystal.

A pulsed light generation device, includes: a first optical fiber through which first pulsed light and second pulsed light, having an intensity that decreases while an intensity of the first pulsed light increases, and increases while the intensity of the first pulsed light decreases, having been multiplexed and entered therein, are propagated; and a second optical fiber at which the first pulsed light, having exited the first optical fiber and entered therein, is amplified while being propagated therein, wherein: at the first optical fiber, phase modulation occurs in the first pulsed light due to cross phase modulation caused by the second pulsed light; and self-phase modulation occurring in the first pulsed light at the second optical fiber is diminished by the phase modulation having occurred at the first optical fiber.

A coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering apparatus for imaging a sample comprises an optical output; an optical source arranged to generate a first optical signal at a first wavelength; and a nonlinear element arranged to receive the first optical signal, where the nonlinear element is arranged to cause the first optical signal to undergo four-wave mixing on transmission through the nonlinear element such that a second optical signal at a second wavelength and a third optical signal at a third wavelength are generated, wherein an optical signal pair comprising two of the first, second and third optical signals is provided to the optical output for imaging the sample.

The present application discloses a display device, a backplane and the mold for manufacturing the backplane bracket. The mold is used to imprint molding the sheet raw material; the mold has an elongated imprint mold structure; the two ends of the imprint mold structure have a male and female interworking mold structures; by placing the raw material with different lengths in a plurality of predetermined positions in the imprint mold structure can form a plurality of brackets for combining to a backplane. The present application provides a backplane and the simplified mold structures for manufacturing the backplane bracket, the process to manufacturing the backplane is simplified. By adapting a set of mold can manufacture a plurality of the needed bracket to form a backplane, which greatly reduces the cost of production.

An apparatus for probing an interface via second harmonic generation (SHG) spectroscopy is provided. The apparatus comprises a sample cell comprising a noncentrosymmetric material having a selected orientation angle with respect to a reference axis; optics configured to illuminate an interface formed between the noncentrosymmetric material and a different material, or formed between two different materials and disposed over the noncentrosymmetric material, with light having a frequency under conditions to generate a second harmonic generation (SHG) signal having frequency 2; a detector configured to detect the SHG signal, the SHG signal comprising a bulk second harmonic signal from the noncentrosymmetric material and an interfacial second harmonic signal from the interface; and a device comprising a processor and a computer-readable medium operably coupled to the processor, the computer-readable medium having computer-readable instructions stored thereon that, when executed by the processor, cause the apparatus to: illuminate the interface to generate the SHG signal and detect the SHG signal.

A wavelength converter includes: a first multiplexer that combines input signal light with wavelength-conversion excitation light; a second multiplexer that combines the signal light with Raman excitation light; a first nonlinear optical medium that generates wavelength-converted light of the signal light, based on a nonlinear optical effect; and a second nonlinear optical medium that amplifies wavelength-converted light of the signal light output from the first nonlinear optical medium. A wavelength of the Raman excitation light being a wavelength within an amplification band that allows Raman amplification of wavelength-converted light.

The present invention relates to a 215- to 222-nm wavelength laser light generating device comprising: an excitation light source part for converting a laser light with a wavelength of 1030 to 1064 nm to a second harmonic, and generating a laser light with a wavelength of 515 to 532 nm; an optical parametric oscillating part for generating a signal light with a wavelength of 858 to 887 nm and an idler light with a wavelength of 1288 to 1330 nm using the laser light with the wavelength of 515 to 532 nm as an excitation light; a separating part for separating the signal light and the idler light; a first wavelength converting part for generating a fourth harmonic from the signal light; a second wavelength converting part for generating a deep ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 215 to 222 nm by sum frequency with a second harmonic of the excitation light from the idler light; and a coupling part for coupling the fourth harmonic from the first wavelength converting part and the deep ultraviolet light from the second wavelength converting part. The present invention provides a laser generating device that enables to generate simply and efficiently a pulse laser light with a wavelength of 215 to 222 nm including a wavelength of 222 nm disinfecting microorganisms.

The present invention relates to a 399.08-nm wavelength ultraviolet laser light generating device, comprising: an excitation light source part for converting a 1064.2-nm laser light to a second harmonic, and generating a 532.1-nm laser light; an optical parametric oscillating part for generating a 798.15-nm signal light and a 1596.3-nm idler light using the 532.1-nm laser light; a first wavelength converting part for generating a 399.08-nm light by sum frequency generation of the 1596.3 nm idler light and a 532.1-nm light; and a second wavelength converting part for generating a 399.08-nm light of a second harmonic from the 798.15-nm signal light. The order of the first wavelength converting part and the second wavelength converting part is random. The present invention relates to a 228.04-nm wavelength ultraviolet laser light generating device comprising the 399.08-nm wavelength laser light generating device and a third wavelength converting part for subjecting a 399.08-nm light and a 532.1-nm light to sum frequency generation, and generating a 228.04-nm light. The present invention provides a simple device of generating a 228.04-nm laser light which is a deep ultraviolet ray in high efficiency and a simple 399.08-nm ultraviolet laser light generating device usable as a light source thereof.