A frequency conversion device, including a source of a pump beam of electromagnetic radiation of a first wavelength, and an array of mutually spaced semiconductor islands including at least one III-V semiconductor compound and configured so that the pump beam of electromagnetic radiation of the first wavelength incident upon the semiconductor islands and electromagnetic radiation of a second wavelength incident upon the semiconductor islands cause the semiconductor islands to emit electromagnetic radiation of a third wavelength different to the first and second wavelengths by at least one of a sum frequency generation process and a difference frequency generation process, wherein the semiconductor islands are supported by a transparent support such that the support is substantially transparent to radiation of the third wavelength, wherein at least the radiation of the third wavelength passes through the transparent support.

An optical parametric device (OPD), which is selected from an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) or optical parametric generator (OPG), is configured with a nonlinear optical element (NOE) which converts an incoupled pump radiation at first frequency into output signal and idler radiations at one second frequency or different second frequencies, which is/are lower than the first frequency, by utilizing nonlinear interaction via a random quasi-phase matching process (RQPM-NOE). The NOE is made from a nonlinear optical material selected from optical ceramics, polycrystals, micro and nanocrystals, colloids of micro and nanocrystals, and composites of micro and nanocrystals in polymer or glassy matrices. The nonlinear optical material is prepared by modifying a microstructure of the initial sample of the NOE such that an average grain size is of the order of a coherence length of the three-wave interaction which enables the three wave nonlinear interaction with a highest parametric gain achievable via the RQPM process

An electro-optic modulator includes a doped semiconductor crystal having a crystallographic surface having an amplitude modulation orientation, a first metal electrode located on a first surface of the doped semiconductor crystal, a second metal electrode located on a second surface of the doped semiconductor crystal, and accumulation space charge regions located within surface regions of the doped semiconductor crystal that are proximal to the first metal electrode and the second metal electrode and including excess charge carriers of a same type as majority charge carriers of the doped semiconductor crystal.

A metallic quantum well may be formed by interposing a layer of metallic well material two layers of barrier material. Two or more metallic quantum wells may be combined to form a coupled metallic quantum well. The absorption spectrum and the emission spectrum of the coupled metallic quantum well may be tuned by at least adjusting the dimensions of the individual metallic quantum wells and/or the materials forming the metallic quantum wells. The metallic quantum well and/or the coupled metallic quantum well may exhibit sufficient nonlinearity even at a miniaturized scale. As such, the metallic quantum well and/or coupled metallic quantum well may be used for a variety of on-chip applications including, for example, as part of an on-chip pulse limiter, an on-chip super-continuum generator, and/or the like.

An optical device includes a ring resonator, a first optical waveguide with an end portion merged into a circumference of the ring resonator, and a second optical waveguide free of contact with the circumference of the ring resonator. The first optical waveguide is configured to receive photons. The second optical waveguide is configured to output photons coupled from the ring resonator.

Colloidal quantum wells have discrete energy states and electrons in the quantum wells undergo interband and intersubband state transitions. The transmissivity of a colloidal quantum well may be tuned by actively controlling the states of the colloidal quantum wells enabling ultrafast optical switching. A primary excitation source is configured to provide a primary excitation to promote a colloidal quantum well from a ground state to a first excitation state. A secondary excitation source is configured to provide a secondary excitation to the colloidal quantum well to promote the colloidal quantum well from the first excitation state to the second excitation state with the first and second excitation states being subbands in the conduction band of the colloidal quantum well.

A frequency conversion device, including a source of a pump beam of electromagnetic radiation of a first wavelength, and an array of mutually spaced semiconductor islands composed of at least one III-V semiconductor compound and configured so that the pump beam of electromagnetic radiation of the first wavelength incident upon the semiconductor islands and electromagnetic radiation of a second wavelength incident upon the semiconductor islands cause the semiconductor islands to emit electromagnetic radiation of a third wavelength different to the first and second wavelengths by at least one of a sum frequency generation process and a difference frequency generation process; wherein the semiconductor islands are supported by a transparent support such that the support is substantially transparent to radiation of the third wavelength, wherein at least the radiation of the third wavelength passes through the transparent support.

A frequency conversion device and method is disclosed. In one aspect, a frequency device includes an array of mutually spaced semiconductor islands composed of at least one III-V semiconductor compound. The semiconductor islands are configured so that electromagnetic radiation of a first wavelength incident upon the semiconductor islands causes them to emit electromagnetic radiation of a second wavelength shorter than the first wavelength by a nonlinear frequency conversion process. The frequency device further includes a transparent support supporting the semiconductor islands. The transparent support is substantially transparent to radiation of the second wavelength, so that at least the radiation of the second wavelength passes through the transparent support.

A display device includes a light source that includes a blue light-emitting diode (LED) configured to generate a blue output light; a nanocrystal material that is disposed between the light source and a liquid crystal module, and a light guide assembly. The nanocrystal material receives the blue output light, converts a first portion of the blue output light to a green light emission, converts a second portion of the blue output light to a red light emission, and transmits a remainder portion of the blue output light. The light guide assembly includes a planar light guide optically coupled to a light-receiving surface of the liquid crystal module and a curved light guide optically coupled to the planar light guide and configured to receive light from the light source and direct the light toward the planar light guide.

An apparatus includes an optical medium characterized by a third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility. The apparatus also includes a pump light source in optical communication with the optical medium and configured to send a pump light beam to the optical medium. The pump light beam includes a pulsed light beam. The apparatus also includes a drive light source in optical communication with the optical medium and configured to send a drive light beam to the optical medium. The drive light beam includes a continuous wave (CW) light beam. The pump light beam and the drive light beam are configured to generate a signal light beam in a squeezed state of light via spontaneous four-wave mixing in the optical medium.