A display screen includes a filter layer, a fluorescent layer having parallel fluorescent stripes, and an attachment layer between an excitation side of the fluorescent layer and a first side of the filter layer to attach the excitation side of fluorescent layer to the filter layer while providing vertical separation therebetween. The attachment layer includes attachment regions that are separated from each other by lateral spacings such that excitation-side air gaps are formed between areas of the fluorescent layer and the filter layer that correspond to the lateral spacings. During display operation, excitation light received on a second side of the filter layer propagates through to the first side of the filter layer, and at least a portion of the excitation light that propagates from the second side of the filter layer travels through the excitation-side air gaps to excite the fluorescent stripes.

A transparent screen includes a substrate capable of transmitting light; and a plurality of dots formed on a surface of the substrate, each of the dots having wavelength-selective reflectivity and being formed of a liquid crystal material having a cholesteric structure, in which the cholesteric structure gives a striped pattern of bright parts and dark parts in a cross-sectional view of the dot observed by scanning electron microscope, the dot includes a portion having a height that increases continuously to the maximum height in a direction extending from the edge toward the center of the dot, and in the portion, the angle formed by the normal line to a line that is formed by a first one of the dark parts as counted from the surface of the dot on the opposite side of the substrate and the surface of the dot is in the range of 70 to 90.

A paint composition comprises a carrier material, a plurality of ambient light absorbing pigment particles dispersed in the carrier material comprising a component that absorbs predetermined visible wavelengths, and a plurality of fluorescent pigment particles dispersed in the carrier material, wherein the fluorescent pigment particles emit a first color and the paint composition emits a second color different from the first color when illuminated by an ultraviolet light source. The paint composition can act as a video projection surface with usable screen gain.

A locally dimmed display has a spatial light modulator illuminated by a light source. The spatial light modulator is illuminated with a low resolution version of a desired image. The illumination may comprise a series of lighting elements that vary smoothly from one element to another at the spatial light modulator.

A projection screen of a head-up display has a projection surface and a back surface opposite to the projection surface. The projection surface is used for receiving an image beam projected by an image projection component and reflecting part of the image beam. The projection screen includes a photochromic layer disposed on the transmission path of the image beam. When an ambient light irradiates the back surface of the projection screen, the transmittance of the photochromic layer decreases as the intensity of the ambient light increases.

A multichromic filtering coating is applied to a projector screen to pass to the projector screen substrate only those wavelengths produced by the projector, to accentuate selective wavelengths of light to be reflected by the screen. The screen can be a passive black substrate or an active grayscale screen such as e-ink paper, and un-reflected light reaches the screen which selectively tunes its grayscale to accentuate the brightness or darkness of the color video image being projected onto it.

A multichromic reflective coating is applied to a projector screen to reflect only those wavelengths produced by the projector, to accentuate selective wavelengths of light to be reflected. The screen can be a passive black substrate or an active grayscale screen such as e-ink paper, and un-reflected light reaches the screen which selectively tunes its grayscale to accentuate the brightness or darkness of the color video image being projected onto it and reflected by the multichromic reflective coating.

The disclosure is directed to an optically transparent visual display system that superimposes information onto the field of vision of a pilot or vehicle operator utilizing multiple wavelengths in order to extend the operator's range of vision. The display format may be presented on a head-up display (HUD) in a covert manner using near infra-red (NIR) light that is viewable with standard issue night vision goggles (NVGs) such as the AN/PVS-7, but not viewable to the unaided eye. Display information may originate from multiple wavelength sensors and illuminators for enhanced environmental and situational awareness that extend beyond the five human senses. Direct view displays, such as LCDs and instrument or vehicle lighting systems, may utilize NIR wavelengths that are viewable with NVGs but are not viewable to the unaided eye.

An image display system includes a reflecting screen that has a reflecting surface. The reflecting surface includes hologram which reflects narrow bands of spectrum of incident lights toward desired direction. A projection display system includes a reflecting mirror(s) with hologram so that the image can be projected nearly vertical or short distance. This invention can be used as a head-up-display with improved brightness and eliminating ghost noise.

A display screen includes a filter layer, a fluorescent layer having parallel fluorescent stripes, and an attachment layer between an excitation side of the fluorescent layer and a first side of the filter layer to attach the excitation side of fluorescent layer to the filter layer while providing vertical separation therebetween. The attachment layer includes attachment regions that are separated from each other by lateral spacings such that excitation-side air gaps are formed between areas of the fluorescent layer and the filter layer that correspond to the lateral spacings. During display operation, excitation light received on a second side of the filter layer propagates through to the first side of the filter layer, and at least a portion of the excitation light that propagates from the second side of the filter layer travels through the excitation-side air gaps to excite the fluorescent stripes.