Herein is disclosed a magenta liquid electrostatic ink composition comprising a carrier liquid; and ink particles comprising a resin, a magenta pigment and a black pigment, wherein the black pigment is present in the composition in an amount of 0.01 to 0.5 wt % by total solids of the composition.

A developing device includes a rotatable developer carrying member configured to carry liquid developer including toner and carrier liquid; a developer container; an electrode opposed to the developer carrying member with a predetermined gap therebetween to form an electric field; an urging roller provided downstream of the electrode and the upstream of the developing position to urge the developer carrying member; wherein an amount of the toner on the developer carrying member per unit area in a region downstream of the urging roller and upstream of and the developing position with respect to the rotational moving direction is not less than 50% of an amount of the toner and the developer carrying member per unit area in a region interposed between the electrode and the developer carrying member.

A sensor mounting structure includes a positioning member, a holding member, and a biasing member. The positioning member is a mounting reference of a sensor. The holding member is attachable to and detachable from the positioning member so as to form a space in which the sensor is disposed with respect to the positioning member. The biasing member includes an arched part which is overhung between a pair of engaging parts engaging with the holding member. The biasing member, while the holding member is attached to the positioning member, elastically deforms the arched part that is sandwiched between the holding member and the sensor that is disposed in the space so as to bias the sensor to the positioning member.

An image forming apparatus includes an image bearer, a nip former, a transfer bias supply, and processing circuitry. The nip former to form a transfer nip between the image bearer and the nip former. The transfer bias supply applies a transfer bias in which an alternating current component is superimposed on a direct current component to the transfer nip, to transfer a toner image onto a transfer target object at the transfer nip. The processing circuitry is to execute a processing mode of determining the DC component and the AC component to be used in a print job, based on a plurality of test toner images transferred to the transfer target object under transfer conditions different from each other in combination of the DC component and the AC component while changing the DC component and the AC component.

A static elimination device includes: a pair of static elimination rollers that performs static elimination by allowing passage of a sheet-like material to be sandwiched between the pair of static elimination rollers; and a power supply unit that supplies a voltage for static elimination to at least one static elimination roller of the pair of static elimination rollers, wherein the pair of static elimination rollers is a pair of static elimination rollers in which contact pressures at ends in an axial direction are lower than a contact pressure at a portion other than the ends.

Herein is disclosed a magenta liquid electrostatic ink composition comprising a carrier liquid; and ink particles comprising a resin, a magenta pigment and a black pigment, wherein the black pigment is present in the composition in an amount of 0.01 to 0.5 wt % by total solids of the composition.

An image forming apparatus includes an image bearer, a transfer device contacting the image bearer to form a transfer portion, a transfer bias power source, and a controller. A ratio of a time period of application of the opposite-directional bias to a total time period of one cycle of the AC component of the superimposed bias is greater than 50%. A ratio of a value of the DC component of the superimposed bias output within a region ranging from a leading end of the recording medium to a predetermined length to a value of the DC component of the superimposed bias output outside the region is greater than a ratio of a value of the AC component of the superimposed bias output within the region to a value of the AC component of the superimposed bias output outside the region.