In some examples, a controller can generate operational profiles of printing device components by determining an electrical measurement of a component of a printing device, generate an operational profile of the electrical measurement, compare the operational profile against a baseline operational profile the component, and generate an alert based on the comparison.

An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier, a toner supply unit, an application roller adjacent to the image carrier, a toner measuring unit, and a control unit. The toner supply unit supplies toner to the image carrier. The application roller applies a lubricant to the image carrier. The toner measuring unit measures an amount of toner transferred from the image carrier to the application roller. The control unit adjusts the supply of toner to be supplied to the image carrier in accordance with the amount of toner measured by the toner measuring unit.

A temperature control device controls a temperature of a temperature control target to which heat is propagated from a heater by supplying power to the heater. The temperature control device includes processing circuitry that acquires a temperature measurement result of the temperature control target from a temperature sensor. The processing circuitry estimates an input voltage being supplied to the heater based on an energization time of the heater and a change in the temperature of the temperature control target during the energization time. The processing circuitry generates a temperature estimation result by estimating the temperature of the temperature control target based on a previous energization pulse used to control energization of the heater and the input voltage. The processing circuitry outputs the energization pulse to control the power supplied to the heater based on the temperature estimation result and the temperature measurement result.

An image forming apparatus includes a developing cartridge, a drum cartridge, a casing, a connector, and a controller. The drum cartridge includes a photosensitive drum, a drum cartridge memory, a charger, and a cleaner. The charger is configured to charge the photosensitive drum and including a wire and a grid electrode. The cleaner is configured to clean the wire. The connector is configured to be electrically connected to the drum cartridge memory. Information is writable to the drum memory through the connector. The detection circuit board is configured to detect a state of discharge of the charger. The controller is configured to perform: determining whether or not the state of discharge detected by the detection circuit board is abnormal; and writing, in the drum cartridge memory, information representing occurrence of the abnormal discharge through the connector in a case where occurrence of the abnormal discharge is determined.

In an image forming apparatus of a direct transfer system, when in a region where a transfer nip portion of a photosensitive drum is formed, a region in which the toner image can be formed is defined as a first region, and a region where the recording medium does not pass while the recording medium is conveyed by the transfer nip portion is defined as a second region, in forming the toner image on the recording medium, the photosensitive drum enters the transfer nip portion in a state where the second region of the photosensitive drum includes a region in which an absolute value of a surface potential is smaller than an absolute value of a surface potential of a region in which the toner image is not formed in the first region.

A machine learning device generates a control parameter of image formation in an image forming device including an image forming part that forms an image on a paper sheet and an image reading part that reads the image formed on the paper sheet, and the machine learning device includes: a first hardware processor that generates the control parameter on the basis of machine learning; a second hardware processor that receives input of an image including a read image that is formed by the image forming part according to the control parameter and read by the image reading part, the second hardware processor making a determination relating to the read image on the basis of machine learning; and a third hardware processor that causes the first hardware processor and/or the second hardware processor to learn oil the basis of a determination result by the second hardware processor.

A system displays a plurality of display objects respectively corresponding to a plurality of symptoms of an image forming apparatus, receives a selection of one display object from among the plurality of display objects, and displays a screen for receiving, from a user, a value related to a predetermined item to be adjusted to improve a symptom corresponding to the selected display object.

An image forming apparatus includes an image forming portion, a high-voltage generation circuit, a current detection portion and a control portion. The image forming portion includes an image carrying member, a charging device, an exposure device and a developing device which includes a developer carrying member for carrying a two-component developer. The control portion can perform a transfer memory prediction mode that includes a step of estimating, when a first reference image is formed, the level of occurrence of transfer memory based on the direct-current component of a development current flowing through the developer carrying member and a step of measuring, when the measured direct-current component of the development current is larger than a predetermined value, the amount of charge of the toner within the developing device and estimating the cause of occurrence of the transfer memory based on the measured amount of charge of the toner.

A print apparatus is disclosed. In an example, the print apparatus comprises: a photoconductive surface to receive a latent image representative of an image to be printed onto a printable substrate; a plurality of print components, each print component having a surface movable relative to the photoconductive surface, wherein a current or voltage is to be applied between the print component surface and the photoconductive surface; and processing circuitry to: measure a current or voltage between each print component surface and the photoconductive surface; responsive to detecting a deviation in the measured current or voltage from a reference current or voltage in respect of any of the plurality of print components, determine that there exists a defect associated with the photoconductive surface; and determine, based on the amount of deviation of the measured current or voltage from the reference current or voltage, an indication of the size of the defect.

An image forming apparatus includes a photoconductor, a charger; a charge voltage applier that applies first and second charge voltages to the charger; an exposure device; a development device; a development voltage applier that applies first and second development voltages to the development device; a transfer device; a fixing device; a motor that drives the photoconductor simultaneously with at least one of the transfer device, the fixing device, and the transporter; and a controller. When the motor is driven for image formation, the first charge voltage and the first development voltage are respectively applied to the charge voltage applier and the development voltage applier. When the motor is driven for an operation other than image formation, the second charge voltage and the second development voltage are respectively applied to the charge voltage applier and the development voltage applier.