A control portion can perform an image formation mode to perform image formation while controlling, based on the relationship between a charging current and the surface potential on an image carrying member, a charging voltage and thereby adjusting the surface potential and a correction mode to correct the relationship between the charging current and the surface potential. In the correction mode, the control portion calculates the surface potential on the image carrying member based on the developing voltage applied and the developing current sensed by a developing current sensing portion and corrects the relationship between the charging current and the surface potential based on the calculated surface potential.

The present disclosure provides a process cartridge and a potential detection part. The process cartridge includes a cartridge body, a photosensitive drum rotatably installed at the cartridge body, and a potential detection part configured to detect an electrical signal on the image-forming region. The potential detection part includes a detection starting portion and a detection ending portion; the detection starting portion and the detection ending portion respectively correspond to a detection starting position and a detection ending position of a detectable region of the potential detection part along a first direction; a maximum distance along the first direction between orthographic projections of the detection starting portion and the detection ending portion on the image-forming region is L1; a length of the image-forming region along the first direction is L2; the first direction is in parallel with an axis direction of the photosensitive drum; and L1/L2>.

The present disclosure provides a storage apparatus, a process cartridge and a connection apparatus. The process cartridge includes a cartridge body; a photosensitive drum, rotatably installed at the cartridge body, where the photosensitive drum is configured with an image-forming region capable of generating an electrostatic latent image; a potential detection part, configured to detect an electrical signal on the image-forming region; a storage apparatus, where the storage apparatus includes an electrical contact configured to be electrically connected to an electrical contact portion disposed on the image-forming apparatus main body; and a first electrical connection part, where the first electrical connection part includes a transmission terminal; and the transmission terminal is electrically connected to the electrical detection part and configured to be electrically connected to the electrical contact portion.

An image forming apparatus includes an image bearer and a primary transferor to be applied with a primary transfer voltage. The primary transferor is disposed opposite the image bearer via an intermediate transferor to form a primary transfer portion where the primary transferor transfers a toner image formed on the image bearer onto the intermediate transferor. A primary transfer electric current detector detects an electric current value of an electric current supplied to the primary transferor. A control-input device receives intermediate transferor replacement data that indicates that the intermediate transferor is replaced. A controller performs a primary transfer voltage determination control that determines the primary transfer voltage based on the detected electric current value and performs the primary transfer voltage determination control at a time when the control-input device receives the intermediate transferor replacement data and a time after an initial image formation after the intermediate transferor is replaced.

According to an example, a conditioning device includes a first light emitting member to emit light towards a first segment of a path and a second light emitting member to emit light towards a second segment of a path. The first segment of the path is upstream an engagement point of the path at which the photoconductive surface is to contact a subsequent transfer member and the second region is downstream the engagement point. The light emitted by the first light emitting member is to set the photoconductive surface at a pre-transfer voltage and the light emitted by the second light emitting member is to set the photoconductive surface at a post-transfer voltage greater than the pre-transfer voltage.

An image forming system includes: an image forming apparatus that forms an image on a recording medium; a post-processing device that executes post-processing to the recording medium on which the image is formed by the image forming apparatus; a physical property detector that detects physical property information of the recording medium; and a hardware processor that determines a restriction content of the post-processing based on registered post-processing restriction information depending on the physical property information having been detected.

An image forming apparatus according to the present disclosure includes: an image forming portion configured to apply a bias voltage between a first carrier with a surface to be charged and a second carrier configured to hold toner to be adhered to the first carrier to move the toner from the second carrier to a developing area of the first carrier to develop the developing area of the first carrier; a current detection portion configured to detect a target current that flows between the first carrier and the second carrier during development; a temperature detection portion configured to detect a temperature inside the apparatus; and a cooling control portion configured to execute a predetermined cooling operation based on a detected current that is detected by the current detection portion and a detected temperature that is detected by the temperature detection portion.

An image forming apparatus includes an image carrying member, a charging device, a charging voltage power supply, an exposure device, a development device, a development voltage power supply, an intermediate transfer member, a primary transfer member, a secondary transfer member, a transfer voltage power supply and a control unit. The development device includes a developer carrying member which carries a developer containing a toner. The development voltage power supply applies, to the developer carrying member, a development voltage in which an alternating-current voltage is superimposed on a direct-current voltage. The transfer voltage power supply applies a transfer voltage to the primary transfer member and the secondary transfer member. The control unit performs a first image quality improvement mode in which the frequency of the alternating-current voltage of the development voltage and a primary transfer current flowing between the image carrying member and the primary transfer member are simultaneously changed.

In the first potential difference adjustment mode, the fogging toner amount is predicted from a toner charge amount and a fogging toner current sensed by a current sensing portion with a zero surface potential on the image carrying member. In the second potential difference adjustment mode, the carrier development amount is predicted from a toner concentration, a carrier charge amount calculated based on the toner charge amount, and a carrier development current sensed by the current sensing portion with a zero surface potential on the image carrying member.

An image forming apparatus includes a second acquisition processing portion and a third acquisition processing portion. The second acquisition processing portion acquires a first toner image forming condition of a toner image forming portion. The third acquisition processing portion acquires, based on the first toner image forming condition acquired by the second acquisition processing portion, a relational expression that indicates a relationship between a second toner image forming condition of the toner image forming portion and a toner concentration of a specific toner image that is formed by the toner image forming portion. Further, the third acquisition processing portion uses specific expressions that respectively correspond to a plurality of coefficients included in the relational expression to calculate the plurality of coefficients corresponding to the first toner image forming condition acquired by the second acquisition processing portion.