An image forming apparatus includes an operation panel including a display, a belt through which an image formed thereon is transferred to a sheet, a head configured to form an image on the belt, and a controller configured to control the head to form an image on the belt according to operation settings. The controller is configured to, upon receipt of an instruction to execute a first job, determine whether the job includes forming an image, upon determining that the first job includes forming an image, determine whether a first condition for executing an adjustment operation to adjust the settings is satisfied, upon determining that the first condition is satisfied, control the display to display a screen through which execution of the adjustment operation and a timing thereof can be selected, and execute the first job and/or the adjustment operation based on a selection made through the screen.

A method of stabilizing a marking process speed in a printing system, the printing system including a vacuum transport belt and at least one sheet onto which marking material is directly applied to print sheets, the method including printing an image on the sheet, receiving, from a sensor, data related to the image, determining, based on the data, at least one actual dimension of the image, determining if the at least one actual dimension of the image is equal to a target dimension of the image, and if the at least one actual dimension is not equal to the target dimension, adjusting one or more components of the printing system.

A control portion, by an image density sensor detecting density of reference images for image density correction formed by a plurality of image forming portions, adjusts a developing voltage and an exposure amount of an exposure device based on the detection result. The control portion, based on the density of the reference images detected by the image density sensor, sets a common developing voltage such that the densities of the reference images are equal to or higher than a target density in all of the two or more image forming portions among the plurality of image forming portions. The control portion, by adjusting a toner adhesion area ratio for image forming portions of the two or more image forming portions in which the densities of the reference images exceed the target density when a common developing voltage is set, adjusts the densities of the reference images to the target density.

An image forming apparatus includes a forming unit, a storage unit, a correction unit, a measurement unit, and a changing unit. The forming unit forms an image. The storage unit stores correction data for correcting density irregularity in each of a plurality of regions obtained through division in a main scanning direction of the image formed by the forming unit. The correction unit corrects a density of the image formed by the forming unit for each of the plurality of regions based on the correction data stored in the storage unit. The measurement unit measures an image formation density by the forming unit in association with the correction by the correction unit. The changing unit changes the image formation density by the forming unit with a uniform change amount in the plurality of regions so that the image formation density measured by the measurement unit approaches a predetermined target density.

An image-forming apparatus includes a photosensitive drum, a development member, an intermediate transfer belt, a transfer member, a transfer voltage, a density detection unit, a temperature detection unit, and a control unit. The development member forms a toner image on a surface of the photosensitive drum, which the transfer member transfers to the intermediate transfer belt. The density detection unit detects an information related to a density of the toner image transferred to the intermediate transfer belt. The control unit controls a driving speed of the intermediate transfer belt. In a detection operation in which the density detection unit detects the information related to the density of the toner image transferred to the intermediate transfer belt in a state where the transfer voltage is applied to the transfer member, the control unit controls the driving speed based on an ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection unit.

A transfer device includes an intermediate transfer belt that has a surface to which a toner image is to be transferred and solid lubricant particles are attached, a primary transfer device that has a primary transfer member performing primary transfer of a toner image formed on a surface of an image holder to the surface of the intermediate transfer belt, a secondary transfer device that has a secondary transfer member which is arranged in contact with the surface of the intermediate transfer belt and performs secondary transfer of the toner image transferred to the surface of the intermediate transfer belt to a surface of a recording medium, and a detection device that detects a density of the toner image transferred to the surface of the intermediate transfer belt and has a light irradiation unit irradiating the surface of the intermediate transfer belt with light and a light receiving unit receiving reflected light generated in a case where the light radiated from the light irradiation unit is reflected from the surface of the intermediate transfer belt, in which a relationship between a volume-average particle size A (nm) of the solid lubricant particles attached to the surface of the intermediate transfer belt and a wavelength B (nm) of the light radiated from the light irradiation unit satisfies the following Expression 1.

[00001]$\begin{array}{cc}B>A?8.6+300& \mathrm{Expression}1\end{array}$

In an image forming apparatus, a controller (a) determines a bright potential of a photoconductor drum at calibration, (b) adjusts a development bias and thereby determines as an intermediate reference development bias value a value of the development bias so that a toner density based on an output of a reflection-type optical sensor is equal to an intermediate reference density lower than a target density, (c) determines as an intermediate reference effective potential a difference between the intermediate reference development bias value and the bright potential at calibration, and (d) determines a development bias value corresponding to the target density by linear interpolation based on the intermediate reference effective potential and a virtual zero density effective potential. The virtual zero density effective potential is a difference between a development bias and a bright potential of the photoconductor drum when a transmission density is virtually zero.

An image forming apparatus includes a latent image bearer to bear a plurality of halftone images having a same image density and a high-density image located one cycle downstream of the latent image bearer from at least one of the plurality of halftone images, a transferor to apply a predetermined transfer voltage to transfer the plurality of halftone images and the high-density image, a transfer electric field forming target to bear the plurality of halftone images and the high-density image transferred from the latent image bearer, a detector to detect image densities of the plurality of halftone images on the transfer electric field forming target, and a controller to determine a primary transfer voltage applied at a time of image formation, based on image density variations of the plurality of halftone images detected by the detector.

An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit to form a toner image on a recording material based on image data, an acquisition unit to acquire image information of the toner image from the image data, a fixing unit including a heating member and a pressure member forming a nip with the heating member, to convey and to heat, at the nip, the recording material on which the toner image is formed so as to fix the toner image on the recording material, a temperature detecting unit to detect a temperature of the heating member, and a control unit to set a fixing temperature for each of a plurality of recording materials so that the temperature detected by the temperature detecting unit becomes the set fixing temperature.

An electric wire bundle in which a plurality of electric wires are bundled without using a wire bundling tool is provided. The electric wire bundle, formed by bundling a plurality of the electric wires, connects devices. The electric wire connecting two devices positioned farthest from each other is wound by the other electric wire. Other electric wires branch in order at branch points provided between the two devices positioned farthest from each other and are connected to a corresponding device.