An image forming apparatus includes an image forming device and a controller. The image forming device forms toner images on an image holding member and transfers the toner images to recording media. When images to be transferred to the recording media are borderless images and the toner images are continuously formed on the respective recording media, the controller extends an image forming pitch compared to the image forming pitch used in a case where images transferred to the recording media are not borderless images.

An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member, an exposure device, and a developing device. A sensor detects a toner image formed by the developing device to output density information, and a supply device supplies developer to the developing device. In addition, a controller controls the supply device on the basis of a detection result of a supply control toner image formed by the exposure device, a storing portion stores the detection result, and an exchange detecting portion detects information for discriminating exchange of the photosensitive member and the developing device. When the developing device is not exchanged but the photosensitive member is exchanged, the controller executes an operation in a mode in which the controller adjusts an exposure condition for forming the supply control toner image by the exposure device after exchange of the photosensitive member.

An image formation system includes an image forming section that includes a belt and a roller. The image forming section forms, in a predetermined region of a sheet, either: a first patch image for performing tone correction of a toner image formed on the sheet, or a second patch image for monitoring color variation of the toner image formed on the sheet. The image forming system further includes a controller that controls the image forming section to form only one of the first patch image and the second patch image on any one sheet

An image forming apparatus includes an image forming portion for forming an image; a human presence sensor for detecting presence of a human body adjacent the apparatus, and a controller capable of executing an adjustment process operation for said image forming portion when a first predetermined number of prints are produced. When the human presence sensor detects a human body in the neighborhood of the apparatus, the execution of the adjustment process operation is deferred to reduce the waiting time necessitated by the adjustment operation, but a second predetermined number of prints are produced, the image forming operation of the image forming portion is interrupted, and the deferred adjustment process is executed.

An image forming apparatus includes: a photoconductor drum; an optical scanner, having a light source, configured to scan the photoconductor drum with light to form a latent image; a developer configured to develop an image, based on the latent image; a cycle detector configured to detect a rotation cycle of the photoconductor drum, to produce a cyclic signal indicative of the rotation cycle; a density detector configured to detect density of the image; a measurer configured to measure the rotation cycle at each rotation, based on the cyclic signal; a generator configured to generate, based on the density, a correcting value for correcting intensity of the light, the correcting value having a correction cycle based on a measurement result of the measurer; and an adjuster configured to adjust the correction cycle based on the rotation cycle measured at each rotation, so that the correction cycle matches the rotation cycle.

An image forming apparatus including a conveying unit conveying a continuous paper; an image forming unit forming an image on an image carrier and printing the image on the continuous paper conveyed by the conveying unit; and a control unit controlling the image forming apparatus; wherein when a progress state of the image forming apparatus reaches a reference, the control unit performs a maintenance operation by forming an image for maintenance on the image carrier of the image forming unit, after interrupting the printing based on a job when the job is being executed, and when the job is to be executed, the control unit determines whether the progress state of the image forming apparatus exceeds the reference before the job is completed prior to the maintenance operation, and, when the progress state exceeds the reference, issues an alarm regarding the interruption of the printing based on the job.

An image forming apparatus includes an image bearer, a charging, a charge power supply to supply a charging bias to the charging device, a developing device, a toner adhesion amount detector, an environment detector, and a controller to determine whether to execute a charging bias adjustment process in which the charging device charges the image bearer to have different potentials, the developing device supplies the toner to the image bearer according to the different potentials, the toner adhesion amount detector detects the amount of toner adhering to the image bearer, and the controller adjusts the charging. The controller includes a memory device to store the environment data, and is configured to compare the environment data with previous environment data stored in the memory device, and determine not to execute the charging bias adjustment process when an environment change amount is not greater than a threshold.

To prevent the detection accuracy from deteriorating due to stray light, an optical apparatus includes the following configuration. The optical apparatus includes a light-emitting member, a light-receiving member, and a substrate on which the light-emitting member and the light-receiving member are mounted. The substrate includes a plate-like substrate layer and a plate-like conductive layer. The optical apparatus further includes a light-shielding member disposed between the light-receiving member and the light-emitting member and inserted in a through-hole of the substrate provided between the light-receiving member and the light-emitting member. The light-receiving member receives reflected light from a portion to be irradiated with the light emitted from the light-emitting member. The conductive layer is excellent in light-shielding property compared to the substrate layer. The conductive layer is exposed to an inner cylindrical surface of the through-hole.

A transfer device includes an intermediate transfer belt having a surface to which a toner image may be transferred and solid lubricant particles are attached, a primary transfer member performing primary transfer of a toner image to the surface of the intermediate transfer belt, a secondary transfer member performing secondary transfer of the toner image to a surface of a recording medium, and a detection device detecting a density of the toner image and has a light irradiation unit irradiating the surface of the intermediate transfer belt and a light receiving unit receiving reflected light, in which a relationship between a volume-average particle size A (nm) of the solid lubricant particles attached to the surface of the intermediate transfer belt and a wavelength B (nm) of the light radiated from the light irradiation unit satisfies the following Expression:
Expression 1:B>A8.6+300.

An image forming apparatus includes first to third adjustment processing portions. The first adjustment processing portion adjusts an emission light amount of a light-emitting portion of a first sensor based on an electric signal output from a light-receiving portion of the first sensor and corresponding to regular reflection light reflected by a non-toner-adhering surface of an image-carrying member. The second adjustment processing portion adjusts an operation condition of an image forming portion based on a toner concentration of a first toner image in a specific color, that has a concentration smaller than a predetermined saturation concentration. The third adjustment processing portion adjusts an emission light amount of a light-emitting portion of a second sensor based on an electric signal output from a light-receiving portion of the second sensor and corresponding to diffuse reflection light reflected by a second toner image in the specific color, that has a predetermined reference concentration.