A printing management apparatus includes a memory; and a processor that is connected to the memory, in which, in a case where a printing apparatus, which performs printing on continuous form paper, processes plural jobs with respect to the continuous form paper in one-time printing, the processor calculates a length, which is acquired by excluding a part used to print the plural jobs from a length determined by a transport start spot, at which transport of the continuous form paper starts and a transport end spot at which the transport of the continuous form paper ends, as an amount of waste paper indicative of a part which becomes a loss of the continuous form paper, and outputs an amount of waste paper for each job of plurality of jobs, which is acquired by allocating the calculated amount of waste paper to the plural jobs.

In one example of the disclosure, a first print engine is caused to print a first image in a first set of sectors of a substrate. A second print engine is caused to print a second image in a second set of sectors of the substrate. The second print engine is caused to print a cover-up image over an incidence of the first image printed by the first print engine. The second print engine is caused to print a calibration image upon the cover-up image.

An image forming apparatus includes a communication unit to acquire image forming data, generation units and to generate image data based on the image forming data, a correction unit to change an amount of correction to correct a shift of an image of the image data in forming the image in accordance with a ratio at which a developer is deposited by using the image data, and a printing unit to form the image corrected by the correction unit on a medium.

Certain examples described herein relate to splice detection. In certain cases, a splice is detected in a web being conveyed towards a transfer member of the printing system. In certain cases, a print frame is identified from a sequence of pending print frames using successive repeat lengths of the sequence and a distance of the splice from the transfer member. The identified print frame is to be transferred from the transfer member across the splice. In certain cases, writing of the identified print frame onto a photo-imaging plate of the printing system is deferred. In certain examples, the web is disengaged from the transfer member following transfer of an image of a print frame preceding the identified print frame. The web is re-engaged with the transfer member so as to transfer an image of the identified print frame to the web from the transfer member after the splice is conveyed beyond the transfer member.

A duplex printing system and method of configuring the same are described. In examples, an image, such as a test pattern, on one side of a print substrate is printed to be out of phase with an image, such as a test pattern, on the other side of the print substrate. This is achieved by adjusting a configuration of a print buffer that is located between first and second print engines of the duplex printing system. In particular examples, a length of a web within the print buffer is controlled such that the images are out of phase.

A sheet feeding device includes a reversing roller, a guide member and a rotatable member. The guide member includes a curved portion to curve inside a first surface of the sheet and guides the sheet along the curved portion in contact with a second surface opposite to the first surface of the sheet in a first direction. The rotatable member disposed opposed to a sheet guide surface in the curved portion with a gap and is rotated by contacting with the first surface of the sheet. When the sheet is fed by the reversing roller in a second direction, the rotatable member is rotated by contact of the first surface of the sheet with the rotatable member.

An image forming apparatus according to the present invention includes: a conveyor that conveys continuous paper; an image former that forms an image on the continuous paper being conveyed; a fixer that pressurizes and heats the continuous paper passing through a fixing nip by bringing rotor into pressure contact with each other to form the fixing nip and rotating the rotors, to fix an image on the continuous paper; and a hardware processor that releases the fixing nip and stop rotation of the rotors and conveyance of the continuous paper by the conveyor when a lastly formed image in accordance with a print job passes through the fixing nip, the hardware processor then performing re-conveyance in which the continuous paper is conveyed by the conveyor with the fixing nip being left released and without rotation of the rotors, before performing warm-up of the fixer.

An additive manufacturing system for fabricating multi-sided printed composite sheet structures includes a roll fed duplex architecture that prints polymer images on both sides of a substrate sheet to form two-sided 3D composite layers. A substrate web is fed into the machine, and a top side is printed with a wetting agent, powdered, and the excess powder is removed. The image may be pinned to the substrate in a fusing step so that the web can be inverted to print a second image on the other side. The inversion architecture could include inverting rollers, tubes or a Mobius strip that may flip the substrate for backside printing using a single imaging station. The resulting two-side powdered and pinned substrate would then be cut, stacked, heated and compressed to create a 3-D object with more polymer in the stack, resulting in better adhesive binding characteristics at a much higher production speed.

An image forming system includes a first feeding portion configured to feed a recording sheet, a second feeding portion configured to feed an inserting sheet from one of a plurality of supporting portions, and a controller configured to execute a determination process of determining whether or not there is a supporting portion usable as a new feeding source other than a supporting portion serving as a current feeding source of an inserting sheet. The controller is capable of switching between first control and second control in which a feeding process of a recording sheet is executed respectively in a first mode and a second mode in a case where it has been determined in the determination process that there is no supporting portion usable as the new feeding source.

An image forming apparatus includes: a transfer unit that faces an image holding unit and is configured to come into contact with and separate from the image holding unit with a continuous form paper continuous in a transport direction interposed between the transfer unit and the image holding unit and to transfer an image held by the image holding unit onto the continuous form paper; a displacement unit that displaces the continuous form paper to a position closer to the image holding unit when the transfer unit separates from the image holding unit; and a contact portion that contacts the continuous form paper from a downstream side in a displacement direction before the continuous form paper displaced by the displacement unit contacts the image holding unit.