An image forming apparatus includes an image carrying member, an intermediate transfer belt, a primary transfer roller, a first belt support roller, a secondary transfer roller, a second belt support roller, a current output portion, a current sensing portion, and a control portion. The current output portion passes across the secondary transfer roller a secondary transfer current as part of an output current. The current output portion and the second belt support roller are electrically connected together. The current sensing portion senses a leakage current passing from the first belt support roller via the intermediate transfer belt to the second belt support roller. The control portion sets the output current such that the secondary transfer current has a value given by subtracting a leakage current from the output current and keeps the voltage on the second belt support roller between ?50 V and 50 V, inclusive.

An object of the invention is to accurately grasp the fluidity of a developer and give proper feedback to an image forming process. An image forming device has a developing unit developing a latent image by transferring a developer to an image carrier, a fluidity measuring unit measuring fluidity of the developer, a correction amount computing unit computing a fluidity correction amount for correcting the fluidity of the developer measured by the fluidity measuring unit, and a process control unit changing a process condition of an image forming process. The process control unit selects, on the basis of the fluidity of the developer corrected based on the fluidity correction amount, an image forming process of changing a process condition from a plurality of image forming processes.

A toner according to an embodiment includes: a toner base particle that includes a binder that contains polyester resin; and an external additive externally added to the toner base particle. A difference obtained by subtracting a specific surface area of the toner after removal of the external additive from a specific surface area of the toner before removal of the external additive is 0.75 m.sup.2/g or more and less than 1.00 m.sup.2/g.

An image forming apparatus member includes a surface layer containing a Si-atom containing polymer as a major component. The dispersive component of the surface free energy of the surface layer is 25 mN/m or less, the dipole component of the surface free energy of the surface layer is 5 mN/m or less, and the hydrogen bonding component of the surface free energy of the surface layer is 5 mN/m or less.

A transfer device includes an intermediate transfer member consisting of an endless belt which consists of a layer containing a resin including at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a polyimide resin, a polyamide-imide resin, an aromatic polyether ether ketone resin, a polyphenylene sulfide resin, and a polyetherimide resin, conductive carbon particles, a silicone oil containing at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of dimethylpolysiloxane and organic group-substituted dimethylpolysiloxane or has the layer as an outermost layer, and in which an integral value of a statistical quantity L(r) represented by the following Equation (1) is 0 or more and 0.1 or less at an interparticle distance r of 0.05 ?m or more and 0.30 ?m or less in a spatial distribution of the conductive carbon particles existing in a 6.3 ?m?4.2 ?m evaluation region within an outer peripheral surface of the endless belt, a primary transfer device having a primary transfer roll made of a metal that applies an electric field to the intermediate transfer member by coming into contact with an inner peripheral surface of the intermediate transfer member, and performing primary transfer of a toner image formed on a surface of an image holder to the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate transfer member, and a secondary transfer device performing secondary transfer of the toner image transferred to the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate transfer member to a surface of a recording medium.

[00001]$\begin{array}{cc}L\left(r\right):=\sqrt{K\left(r\right)/?}-r& \left(1\right)\end{array}$ [In Equation (1), r represents the interparticle distance, and K(r) represents the Ripley's K function K(r) represented by the following Equation (2).]

[00002]$ K ( r ) := .Math. i ? j N 1 ( .Math. "\[LeftBracketingBar]" X i - X j IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS 20240302771 · 2024-09-12 · KOJI AN, Shinji Katagiri An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a transfer member, an acquiring portion, an applying portion, and a controller. When a transfer voltage is subjected to constant-voltage control so that the transfer voltage applied to the transfer member by the applying portion is substantially constant, in a case that the transfer voltage, when a toner amount used for a toner image is a first toner amount, is a first voltage, the controller controls the applying portion so that the transfer voltage is a second voltage smaller lower in absolute value than the first voltage in a case that the toner amount is a second toner amount larger greater than the first toner amount. The acquiring portion acquires toner amount information on the toner amount for each toner image transferred onto a single recording material. IMAGE FORMING DEVICE 20180239275 · 2018-08-23 · KATSUYA TOYOFUKU An object of the invention is to accurately grasp the fluidity of a developer and give proper feedback to an image forming process. An image forming device has a developing unit developing a latent image by transferring a developer to an image carrier, a fluidity measuring unit measuring fluidity of the developer, a correction amount computing unit computing a fluidity correction amount for correcting the fluidity of the developer measured by the fluidity measuring unit, and a process control unit changing a process condition of an image forming process. The process control unit selects, on the basis of the fluidity of the developer corrected based on the fluidity correction amount, an image forming process of changing a process condition from a plurality of image forming processes. IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS, CONTROL METHOD OF THE IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS, AND NON-TRANSITORY COMPUTER-READABLE STORAGE MEDIUM 20240345530 · 2024-10-17 · MASAMI HANO, Yoshiro Tsukada, Toshiyuki Yamada, KOTA KUROKAWA, DAISUKE KATAYAMA, KYOHEI KIKUCHI An image forming apparatus for forming a toner image on a sheet subjected to perforation processing, wherein the sheet includes a projected portion generating at a periphery of a hole formed by the perforation processing, the image forming includes a stacking potien-portion on which the sheet is stacked, a feeding path along which the sheet stacked on the stacking portion is fed, an image forming unit configured to form the toner image on an image bearing member, a transfer unit configured to transfer the toner image from the image bearing member onto the sheet fed to the feeding path, and a display configured to display guidance on a placing direction of the sheet depending on a surface where the projected portion of the sheet to be placed on the stacking portion generates. Image forming apparatus 12130574 · 2024-10-29 · Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha · Saya Minoshima, Tomonori Watanabe, Ayaka Ohira, Tetsuya MORITA A chute is located between a transfer roller and a fuser in a direction crossing both a first direction along a drum axis direction and a second direction crossing the first direction. The chute causes a sheet having passed through a transfer nip to be directed toward a fixing nip. The chute is movable in the second direction between a first position and a second position shifted from the first position toward one side in the second direction. The chute located at the second position is farther away from an imaginary plane passing through the nips than the chute located at the first position. A reciprocating mechanism is located on an other side of the chute in the second direction. The reciprocating mechanism reciprocates by drive force from the drive source and presses the chute to move between the first position and the second position. Transfer roller, transfer device, and image forming apparatus 12153361 · 2024-11-26 · Canon Kabushiki Kaisha · Jun Asami, Taisuke Minagawa A transfer roller includes a shaft portion rotatable in an axial direction and an elastic portion covering an outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion, wherein an identification portion is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion. On one side in the axial direction, the identification portion includes a first end portion located on a center side of the shaft portion and a second end portion located on an end side of the shaft portion in the axial direction. In a direction from the center side to the end side, the first end portion is located on an outer side of an end portion of a maximum sheet-passing area of a transferring material, and the second end portion is located on an inner side of the maximum sheet-passing area and on an outer side of an end portion of the elastic portion. $