A roller electric contact comprises a roller comprising a shaft and a plurality of conductive discs electrically separated by an insulating material. The shaft extends through a rotational axis of the roller. A housing comprises slots in which the shaft of the roller is positioned, the slots configured to direct a non-rotational movement of the roller. A plurality of leaf springs are disposed in the housing. The leaf springs comprise an electrically conductive material. The plurality of conductive discs are spaced on the roller so that at least one of the conductive discs contact each of the plurality of leaf springs. A plurality of conductive wires extend from the roller electric contact, each of the plurality of conductive wires making electrical contact with one of the leaf springs.

A management server of the management system receives event information related to the replacement of a toner bottle mounted on a printing apparatus. After receiving event information, if the received event information is an alarm indicating the detection of a failure in a memory tag of the toner bottle, the management server generates a preliminary delivery alarm that provides an instruction to deliver the toner bottle.

An image forming apparatus to which a cartridge including an electronic storage device can detachably be attached, comprises: an obtaining unit that obtains control information used for image formation from a first area of the electronic storage device and obtain determination information used to determine correctness of the control information stored in the first area from a second area configured to store the determination information; a determination unit that determines the correctness of the control information based on the control information and the determination information; and a control unit that, if the determination unit determines that the control information is correct, controls image formation using the control information obtained by the obtaining unit.

A memory holder cover holds a memory holder so as to be movable with respect to the memory holder cover. An electrical contact contacts an electrical contact surface of a memory from above in a state where a cartridge is located at an attached position at which the cartridge is attached to a main housing. The main housing includes a guide groove having upper and lower guide surfaces. The upper guide surface guides movement of a memory holder from above when the cartridge is attached and detached. The lower guide surface guides movement of the memory holder from below when the cartridge is attached and detached. In a state where the cartridge is located at the attached position, the electrical contact surface is parallel to at least part of the upper guide surface or at least part of the lower guide surface.

A drum cartridge includes a frame on which a toner cartridge is attachable, a photosensitive drum, and a drum memory. The drum cartridge relays information stored in the toner memory to the image forming apparatus when the toner cartridge is attached to the frame.

A developer cartridge according to one aspect described herein is attachable to a photoconductor unit that comprises a photoconductive drum. The developer cartridge may comprise a main body having an opening, the main body comprising an electric circuit, a front cover configured to move to an opening position in which the opening of the main body is exposed and to a closing position in which the opening of the main body is closed, a first terminal electrically connected to the electric circuit, a photosensitive drum, and a developer cartridge comprising a developing roller, developing frame having a pressed portion, memory unit and second terminal. The front cover may include a pressing portion configured to press the pressed portion of the developing frame in a direction from the developing roller toward the photosensitive drum, and wherein the second terminal faces to the front cover when the front cover is in the closed position.

A developing cartridge includes: a casing, a developing roller, a storage medium having an electrical contact surface, a holder, and a holder cover configured to cover the holder. The holder has: a first outer surface holding the electrical contact surface, a second outer surface spaced away from the first outer surface in a third direction, and a resilient member connected to the first outer surface and to the second outer surface. The resilient member is configured to expand and contract to change a distance between the first outer surface and the second outer surface. The resilient member has a first length in the third direction in a state where the holder cover is detached from the holder. The resilient member has a second length in the third direction smaller than the first length in a state where the holder cover is attached to the holder.

An image forming apparatus includes: a casing; a toner cartridge; a drum cartridge; a main electrode; a first reading portion; and a controller. The toner cartridge is attachable to the drum cartridge and includes: a developing roller; and a developing electrode electrically connected to the developing roller. The drum cartridge is attachable to the casing and includes: a photosensitive drum; a pressing member; and a drum memory. The pressing member presses the toner cartridge toward the photosensitive drum so that an outer circumferential surface of the developing roller contacts an outer circumferential surface of the photosensitive drum. The drum memory stores a pressing force value indicating a pressing force to be applied by the pressing member. The controller is configured to perform: reading, through the first reading portion, the pressing force value from the drum memory; and applying a voltage to the main electrode based on the pressing force value.

A toner cartridge includes a customer replaceable unit monitoring (CRUM) apparatus to store error information of a toner injection process of the toner cartridge using a toner refill apparatus. Based on the error information not being stored in the CRUM apparatus, an availability of a refill operation of the toner cartridge is identified based on a predetermined first reference value and an amount of toner detected in the toner cartridge, and, based on the error information being stored in the CRUM apparatus, the availability of the refill operation of the toner cartridge is identified based on a predetermined second reference value and the amount of toner detected in the toner cartridge.

A system and method for determining print cartridge authenticity in a printer includes an electrostatic process unit with a photoconductive drum configured to selectively generate a toner pattern from an associated toner cartridge based at least in part on electronic data associated with the toner cartridge. A transfer belt receives the toner pattern from the photoconductive drum and a sensor sensing the toner pattern on the transfer belt. A processor compares the toner pattern with a sensed toner pattern and generates an error condition when the toner pattern does not substantially match the sensed toner pattern. The toner includes an infrared reflective additive or an ultraviolet fluorescing additive and the sensor is configured to sense in the infrared or ultraviolet frequencies. The processor is configured to generate an error condition when the additive is not sensed by the sensor.