A device that can be attached to an image-forming apparatus includes a memory including first and second storage areas, control circuitry, and a connection interface for connecting to an information processing apparatus at a time of remanufacturing the device. The first storage area stores first information specific to the device. The second storage area stores second information read out and used by the image-forming apparatus and a digital signature generated based on the first and second information. At a time of the remanufacturing, the control circuitry receives the second information, the digital signature, and authentication information from the information processing apparatus via the connection interface, and allows the second information and the digital signature to be written to the second storage area if verification of the second information based on the authentication information is successful.

An image forming apparatus includes a tray configured to mount a process cartridge. The process cartridge includes: a developing unit provided with a developing member; a photosensitive unit provided with a photosensitive member; a side member disposed at a longitudinal end of the process cartridge, the developing unit and the photosensitive unit being arranged along a front-rear direction and movably connected by the side member; a resetting member configured to elastically deform and apply a force to the photosensitive unit when the developing unit moves relative to the photosensitive unit; and a positioning member provided on at least one of the side member and the photosensitive unit, the positioning member being configured to abut the tray in the front-rear direction when the developing unit moves relative to the photosensitive unit.

A toner cartridge includes: a toner casing configured to accommodate toner therein; a toner memory; a memory holder holding the toner memory; a memory holder cover, a gear positioned at an outer surface of the toner casing; and a gear cover. The memory holder cover movably holds the memory holder. The memory holder cover has a pawl. The gear cover is positioned at one end portion of the toner casing at one side in a first direction. The gear cover covers at least a part of the gear and has a hook in which the pawl is inserted.

An image forming apparatus includes: a process cartridge including a process frame, a photoconductor drum rotatable about a first direction, a developing roller movable between a contact position contacting the photoconductor drum and a separated position separated from the photoconductor drum, and a separation holding mechanism including a lever and an elastic member configured to urge the lever from a fourth position toward a third position and allowing the developing roller to move to the contact position in response to the lever at the fourth position receiving an external force; and a moving mechanism movable in a second direction. The moving mechanism includes a contact part contacting the lever in response to movement of the moving mechanism, a pressing part pressing the process frame toward a drawer in response to the movement, and an urging member configured to urge the pressing part toward the drawer.

A drum cartridge includes a drum frame, a photosensitive drum rotatable about a drum axis extending in a first direction, a drum electrical contact surface, a relay electrode, and a holder holding the drum electrical contact surface. A developing cartridge including a developing roller and a memory is attachable to the drum frame. The drum electrical contact surface is positioned at one end portion of the drum frame in the first direction. The relay electrode is electrically connected to the memory in a state where the developing cartridge is attached to the drum frame. The holder is positioned at the one end portion of the drum frame in the first direction and is movable relative to the drum frame. The holder has a holder terminal electrically connected to the drum electrical contact surface and electrically connectable to the relay electrode.

In an image forming apparatus, an image forming unit can be replaced. An outer cover becomes in an open status when the image forming unit is replaced. An inner cover becomes in an open status with a manual operation with taking a predetermined time after the outer cover becomes in an open status when the image forming unit is replaced. A cover open/close sensor detects open and close statuses of the outer cover. The image forming unit includes a non-volatile unit memory. Further, the controller (a) performs data communication with the unit memory, and (b) if data communication with the unit memory is ongoing when the cover open/close sensor detects that the outer cover becomes in an open status, completes the data communication and cuts off power supply to the image forming unit before the predetermined time elapses.

An image forming apparatus includes: a main casing to which a consumable is attached; a controller; and a main memory. The consumable includes a consumable memory in which lifetime information relating to a service life of the consumable is stored. The controller is configured to perform: a reception process to receive an instruction to initialize the lifetime information; an initialization process to initialize the lifetime information stored in the consumable memory in accordance with the received instruction; and a write process to write initialization information into the consumable memory, the initialization information indicating that the lifetime information was initialized.