An improved polymeric sheet material for use in making polymeric security documents such as banknotes is provided. The inventive polymeric sheet material has one or more integrated and/or applied optical security devices. Polymeric security documents made using these improved polymeric sheet materials are also provided.

A method for despeckling the image reproduced by a Computer Generated Hologram (CGH) including reproducing a CGH, and jittering a location of an exit pupil of an optical system through which the CGH is imaged, relative to an observer's input pupil, so as to shift at least some speckles out of the exit pupil. A method for despeckling a Computer Generated Holographic image including computing a first modulation for a first holographic image, and computing a second modulation for a second holographic image of a same holographic image using an initial phase distribution used for calculating the first holographic image as an initial phase distribution used for calculating the second modulation. Related apparatus and methods are also described.

Provided are an illumination apparatus that allows a reduction in thickness and a display apparatus that uses the illumination apparatus. The illumination apparatus includes a laminated illumination portion formed by layering illumination portions that each emit illumination light as a plane wave with a different wavelength. The illumination portions include light sources that emit light of a predetermined wavelength, optical waveguides that propagate the light emitted from the light sources, and gratings that diffract the light propagating through the optical waveguides and emit the light as the illumination light.

The image observation apparatus introduces an object light, which is at least part of an object illumination light emitted from a light source and projected onto an object and which is reflected by the object, through a first optical waveguide to an image sensor, introduces a reference light, which is emitted from the light source and passes through an optical path different from that of the object light, to the image sensor, and records an interference fringe through the image sensor as a hologram. The apparatus forms the recorded hologram on a spatial light modulator and illuminate the modulator with a hologram illumination light corresponding to the reference light to generate a reconstruction light, and causes the reconstruction light entering a second optical waveguide optically equivalent to the first optical waveguide and exiting from the second optical waveguide to form an object reconstructed image.

There is provided a lighting device arranged to produce a controllable light beam for illuminating a scene. The device comprises an addressable spatial light modulator arranged to provide a selectable phase delay distribution to a beam of incident light. The device further comprises fourier optics arranged to receive phase-modulated light from the spatial light modulator and form a light distribution. The device further comprises projection optics arranged to project the light distribution to form a pattern of illumination as said controllable light beam.

There is provided a lighting device arranged to produce a controllable light beam for illuminating a scene. The device comprises an addressable spatial light modulator arranged to provide a selectable phase delay distribution to a beam of incident light. The device further comprises fourier optics arranged to receive phase-modulated light from the spatial light modulator and form a light distribution. The device further comprises projection optics arranged to project the light distribution to form a pattern of illumination as said controllable light beam.

The present invention is related to an holographic probe device for recording a gabor hologram comprising: a coherent optical fiber bundle comprising a distal end and a proximal end; a recording medium optically coupled to the proximal end of the coherent optical fiber bundle; a light source producing in use a single light beam, illuminating the distal end of the coherent optical fiber bundle and the object to be observed.

There is provided a lighting device arranged to produce a controllable light beam for illuminating a scene. The device comprises an addressable spatial light modulator arranged to provide a selectable phase delay distribution to a beam of incident light. The device further comprises fourier optics arranged to receive phase-modulated light from the spatial light modulator and form a light distribution. The device further comprises projection optics arranged to project the light distribution to form a pattern of illumination as said controllable light beam.

The invention relates to a display, in particular an autostereoscopic or holographic display, for representing preferably three-dimensional information, wherein the stereo views or the reconstructions of the holographically encoded objects can be tracked to the movements of the associated eyes of one or more observers in a finely stepped manner within a plurality of zones of the movement region. In this case, the zones are selected by the activation of switchable polarization gratings.

A device may include a stable laser light source configured to provide a master reference in a Doppler vibrometer scheme, a camera configured to receive scattered light from an object and a reference beam, an optical device configured to generate multiple illumination beams, an acquisition system configured to acquire images and precision timing data returned from the object, and an image processor configured to demodulate light detected by the camera via digital holographic scheme. The example image processor performs pulse-pair Doppler processing to determine vibration of the object.