In a process of manufacturing the volume holographic element, a holographic material layer is irradiated with reference light from the side of a second substrate in the oblique direction, and the holographic material layer is vertically irradiated with object light from the side of a first substrate in an interference exposure process. Since a first translucent anti-reflective layer is formed on the first surface of the first substrate, it is difficult that situation in which the reference light is reflected in the first surface in the oblique direction occurs. In addition, since a second translucent anti-reflective layer is formed on the second surface of the second substrate, it is difficult that a situation in which the object light is reflected in the second surface occurs.

The invention relates to a method for producing a holographic optical element by providing a recording stack comprising at least one recording element laminated on at least one supporting element, irradiating at least a part of the recording stack with at least one recording beam in an irradiating step, wherein during the irradiating step, the recording stack bends, providing a bending deviation threshold for the recording stack, and adjusting at least one first process parameter such that an expected maximum bending deviation of the recording stack does not exceed the bending deviation threshold, wherein the at least one first process parameter influences the bending behavior of the recording stack during the irradiating step.

In a process of manufacturing the volume holographic element, a holographic material layer is irradiated with reference light from the side of a second substrate in the oblique direction, and the holographic material layer is vertically irradiated with object light from the side of a first substrate in an interference exposure process. Since a first translucent anti-reflective layer is formed on the first surface of the first substrate, it is difficult that a situation in which the reference light is reflected in the first surface in the oblique direction occurs. In addition, since a second translucent anti-reflective layer is formed on the second surface of the second substrate, it is difficult that a situation in which the object light is reflected in the second surface occurs.

A main object of the present disclosure is to provide a hologram structure having excellent forgery preventability and designability. The present disclosure achieves the object by providing a hologram structure comprising: a hologram layer including a reflection type hologram forming region carrying a recorded phase type Fourier transform hologram that transforms an incident light from a point light source into a desired optical image; and a vapor deposition layer formed so as to come into contact with a concavo-convex surface of the reflection type hologram forming region of the hologram layer, and a size of the reflection type hologram forming region in plan view is in a range of 5 mm square or more and 50 mm square or less.

A spectacle lens has a transparent substrate and at least one HOE-capable polymer layer arranged on the transparent substrate. The at least one HOE-capable polymer layer is suitable for forming a holographic optical element. Related methods and apparatus are described.

A method for forming a hydraulic transfer film includes: (a) forming a water-soluble sacrificial layer on a water-soluble substrate; (b) forming a first holographic pattern on the water-soluble sacrificial layer; (c) forming a pattern forming layer on the water-soluble sacrificial layer such that the pattern forming layer is formed with a second holographic pattern on a surface that contacts the first holographic pattern and being complementary to the first holographic pattern, the pattern forming layer having a water-soluble region and an oil-soluble region; (d) forming an oil-soluble base layer on the pattern forming layer; and (e) forming an activating layer that is on the oil-soluble base layer and that includes a curable activating agent.

Systems, articles, and methods that integrate photopolymer film with eyeglass lenses are described. One or more hologram(s) may be recorded into/onto the photopolymer film to enable the lens to be used as a transparent holographic combiner in a wearable heads-up display employing an image source, such as a microdisplay or a scanning laser projector. The methods of integrating photopolymer film with eyeglass lenses include: positioning photopolymer film in a lens mold and casting the lens around the photopolymer film; sandwiching photopolymer film in between two portions of a lens; applying photopolymer film to a concave surface of a lens; and/or affixing a planar carrier (with photopolymer film thereon) to two points across a length of a concave surface of a lens. Respective lenses manufactured/adapted by each of these processes are also described.

Systems, articles, and methods that integrate photopolymer film with eyeglass lenses are described. One or more hologram(s) may be recorded into/onto the photopolymer film to enable the lens to be used as a transparent holographic combiner in a wearable heads-up display employing an image source, such as a microdisplay or a scanning laser projector. The methods of integrating photopolymer film with eyeglass lenses include: positioning photopolymer film in a lens mold and casting the lens around the photopolymer film; sandwiching photopolymer film in between two portions of a lens; applying photopolymer film to a concave surface of a lens; and/or affixing a planar carrier (with photopolymer film thereon) to two points across a length of a concave surface of a lens. Respective lenses manufactured/adapted by each of these processes are also described.

Systems, articles, and methods that integrate photopolymer film with eyeglass lenses are described. One or more hologram(s) may be recorded into/onto the photopolymer film to enable the lens to be used as a transparent holographic combiner in a wearable heads-up display employing an image source, such as a microdisplay or a scanning laser projector. The methods of integrating photopolymer film with eyeglass lenses include: positioning photopolymer film in a lens mold and casting the lens around the photopolymer film; sandwiching photopolymer film in between two portions of a lens; applying photopolymer film to a concave surface of a lens; and/or affixing a planar carrier (with photopolymer film thereon) to two points across a length of a concave surface of a lens. Respective lenses manufactured/adapted by each of these processes are also described.

Systems, devices, and methods for making, replicating, and using curved holographic optical elements (HOEs) are described. A hologram may be optically recorded into a planar layer of holographic film with various measures in place to compensate for changes (e.g., in optical power and/or playback wavelength and/or angular bandwidth) that may result when a curvature is subsequently applied thereto. A hologram may be optically recorded into a curved layer of holographic film with various measures in place to compensate for optical effects of a curved transparent substrate upon which the holographic film is mounted. A curved HOE may be returned to a planar configuration to undergo holographic replication or holographic replication may be performed using a curved master HOE and curved recipient film. The curved HOEs described herein are particularly well-suited for use when integrated with a curved eyeglass lens to form the transparent combiner of a virtual retina display.