A differentiation system for differentiating cells includes an input device configured to receive holographic image data of a microscopic particle in suspension, holographic image data processing logic for converting the holographic image data to the frequency domain by performing a Fourier transform of the holographic image data, and a recognizer configured to determine characterization features of the holographic image data of the microscopic particle in the frequency domain for characterization of the microscopic particle, the characterization features comprising rotationally invariant features.

An optical measurement system capable of suppressing noise and realizing more accurate measurement is provided. The optical measurement system includes a light source, an image sensor, and an optical system including a beam splitter that divides light from the light source into first light and second light. The optical system can configure a first optical system that records with the image sensor, a first hologram resulting from modulation of first light with second light while there is no sample, the second light being diverging light, and a second optical system that records with the image sensor, a second hologram resulting from modulation with second light, of light obtained by illumination of a sample with first light. The second optical system includes a restriction mechanism that restricts spread of the light obtained by illumination of the sample with first light to be kept within a predetermined range.

Systems and methods for simultaneous multi-channel off-axis holography are described. Multi-channel imaging systems can include a light system including a plurality of light sources configured to generate illumination and reference beams at a plurality of wavelengths, an illumination system configured to illuminate a target object with the illumination beams, an optical assembly configured to receive a reflected target beam and condition the target beam for recording at an optical imaging system, and a reference system configured to propagate the reference beams to the optical imaging system. The reference beams are interfered with the target beam at the optical imaging system to create interference patterns, which can be recorded in a collective image having a plurality of side lobes. Holographic information in the side lobes can be combined to generate 3D images having a substantially reduced signal to noise ratio.

A lensless holographic imaging system having a holographic optical element includes: a coherent light source for outputting a first light beam and a second light beam, wherein the first light beam irradiates a first inspection plane to form first object-diffracted light; a light modulator for modulating the second light beam into reading light having a specific wavefront; a multiplexed holographic optical element, wherein the first object-diffracted light passes through the multiplexed holographic optical element, and the reading light is input into the multiplexed holographic optical element to generate a diffracted light beam as system reference light; and an image capture device for reading at least one interference signal generated by interference between the first object-diffracted light and the system reference light. The lensless holographic imaging system has a relatively small volume and relatively high diffraction efficiency.

A method of calculating a sub-hologram of a virtual image point for an optical system includes determining an area delimited by straight line paths from the virtual image point to the perimeter of an entrance pupil of a viewer. The area includes a first area component on a first virtual replica of a display device and a second area component on a second virtual replica of the display device. The method also includes determining a first sub-hologram component of the virtual image point within the first area component and a second sub-hologram component of the virtual image point within the second area component. The method additionally includes superimposing the first sub-hologram component and second sub-hologram component to form a sub-hologram of the virtual image point. The method further includes applying a local phase-ramp function to at least one of the first area component and second area component.

An illumination apparatus using a coherent light source, comprising: a coherent light source that generates a coherent light beam, a microlens array including a collection of a large number of independent lenses; and a light beam scanning device that irradiates the light beam onto the microlens array and carries out scanning so that an irradiation position and an irradiation direction of the light beam on the microlens array changes with time. Each of the independent lenses included in the microlens array has a function of refracting light irradiated from the light beam scanning device and forming an irradiation region on a light receiving surface. The light receiving surface is not a refractive element, and is configured so that irradiation regions formed by the independent lenses become substantially a same common region on the light receiving surface. The irradiation regions being irradiated by light which is refracted by the independent lenses.

Among other things, a method comprises imaging a sample displaced between a sensor surface and a surface of a microscopy sample chamber to produce an image of at least a part of the sample. The image is produced using lensless optical microscopy, and the sample contains at least blood from a subject. The method also comprises automatically differentiating cells of different types in the image, generating a count of one or more cell types based on the automatic differentiation, and deriving a radiation dose the subject has absorbed based on the count.

Systems and methods for simultaneous multi-channel off-axis holography are described. Multi-channel imaging systems can include a light system including a plurality of light sources configured to generate illumination and reference beams at a plurality of wavelengths, an illumination system configured to illuminate a target object with the illumination beams, an optical assembly configured to receive a reflected target beam and condition the target beam for recording at an optical imaging system, and a reference system configured to propagate the reference beams to the optical imaging system. The reference beams are interfered with the target beam at the optical imaging system to create interference patterns, which can be recorded in a collective image having a plurality of side lobes. Holographic information in the side lobes can be combined to generate 3D images having a substantially reduced signal to noise ratio.

Motility contrast imaging (MCI) is a depth-resolved holographic technique to extract cellular and subcellular motion inside tissue. The holographic basis of the measurement technique makes it highly susceptible to mechanical motion. The motility contrast application, in particular, preferably includes increased mechanical stability because the signal is based on time-varying changes caused by cellular motion, which should not be confused with mechanical motion of the system. Apparatus for motility contrast imaging that provides increased mechanical stability are disclosed. It is based on common-path configurations, in which the signal and reference beams share optical elements in their paths to the detector. The two beams share mechanical motions in common, and hence those motions do not contribute to the signal.

Localized measurement of turbulent airflows is provided using enhanced techniques of digital holography with computed tomography. In an implementation, an optical beam is diffracted to produce an array of signal beams which propagate at different angles through a test volume that includes a test article. A reference beam is optically interfered with the array of signal beams after propagating through the test volume, producing a corresponding array of holograms simultaneously detected by a single digital holographic sensor. Digitized versions of the holograms are processed to produce a signal field for each test beam. Computed tomography is then applied to the signal fields to determine path-resolved turbulence measurements.