Provided are holographic displays and operating methods of the holographic display. The holographic display includes a backlight portion configured to emit light for displaying an image; a deflector configured to control a direction at which the image is displayed; a lens portion configured to control a location where the image to be displayed is formed to match a location that satisfies a diffraction condition; and a panel portion configured to display a 3D image by combining the image to be displayed with an interference pattern generated with respect to an overlapped hologram.

A hologram image apparatus includes a plurality of holographic panels, each holographic panel comprising a transparent panel encoded with a portion of a composite hologram image. The hologram image apparatus also includes one or more light sources configured to illuminate each holographic panel of the plurality of the holographic panels from one or more incident angles to produce the composite hologram image.

A method of forming a rarefied hologram for video imaging and 3D lithography by using an MEMS/SLM with a plurality of pixels on the surface at a fixed distance from the retina of the viewer eye. The method consists of providing an initial desired image, which has to be holographically reproduced by the MEMS/SLM as a remote virtual 3D image visible by the viewer's eye. The desired image is coded in a special manner and mapped by encoding and calculating only a part of the initial desired image. The operations of the pixels are controlled in accordance with the code for generation of the holographic pattern. Since only a part of a holographic pattern of the image is encoded and calculated, it becomes possible to reduce the calculation time and decrease parasitic light scattering.

An illumination device (10) includes: a light diffusion device (50) including element diffusion devices (55) that diffuse incident light; a coherent light source (15) that emits coherent light; a shaping optical system (20) that shapes the coherent light; a scanner (30) that adjusts a traveling direction of the coherent light so as to allow the coherent light to scan the light diffusion device; and a light condensing optical system located on a light path of the coherent light from the shaping optical system up to the light diffusion device. The light condensing optical system condenses the coherent light such that a spot area on the light diffusion device is smaller than the element diffusion device. Each element diffusion device diffuses the coherent light incident thereon so as to illuminate an element illumination area corresponding to the element diffusion device.

Display spectacles and a driving method thereof are disclosed. The display spectacles include a spectacle frame and two display devices provided on the spectacle frame as spectacle lenses. Each of the display devices includes a backlight, a lower substrate on a light exit side of the backlight, an upper substrate arranged opposite to the lower substrate, a liquid crystal layer located between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, a plurality of electrode structures located between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, and a control unit. During displaying, the electrode structure deflects liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the electrode structure to form a microprism structure. The control unit adjusts a voltage on the electrode structure, thereby controlling total internal reflection or refraction of the microprism structure for light emitted from the backlight, and the adjustment for display gray scale can thus be realized.

For comfortable viewing of a 3-D scene at various viewing angles, a display having a large tracking range for a variable viewer distance is required. A controllable light-influencing element deflects light in coarse steps in a viewer range. Within said steps, the light is deflected by a further controllable light-influencing element continuously or with fine gradation. The light modulation device is suitable in holographic or autostereoscopic displays for guiding the visibility ranges of the image information to be displayed so as to follow the eyes of the viewers.

An apparatus and method for displaying holograms. A compact and self-contained lighting system for a display hologram, which can produce high quality images and which is substantially insensitive to stray light.

A method for displaying a hologram to a variable direction including using circuitry to determine a direction from a holographic projector to a viewer for projecting a hologram to a viewer, and projecting a hologram in the determined direction, in which the projecting the hologram includes reflecting from a same mirror as the determining the direction of the viewer, and the circuitry controls the projecting the hologram to a direction corrected for a difference in direction between a projecting unit and a tracking unit relative to the mirror. Related apparatus and methods are also described.

The invention describes a device allowing the observation of a sample, comprising particles, for example biological particles, by lensless imaging. The sample is disposed against a substrate, the substrate being interposed between a light source and an image sensor. The substrate comprises at least one thin film, extending across a thin film plane, structured so as to form a diffraction grating, designed to confine a part of a light wave emitted by the light source, in a plane parallel to said thin film plane. The device does not comprise magnification optics between the substrate and the image sensor.

Disclosed are methods and systems for displaying images, and for implementing volumetric user interfaces. One exemplary embodiment provides a system comprising: a light source; an image producing unit, which produces an image upon interaction with light approaching the image producing unit from the light source; an eyepiece; and a mirror, directing light from the image to a surface of the eyepiece, wherein the surface has a shape of a solid of revolution formed by revolving a planar curve at least 180 around an axis of revolution.