A method comprising determining a quantitative dispersion image of an object based on a set of quantitative phase images, each quantitative phase image of the set of quantitative phase images having been obtained with a respective different illumination light wavelength.

Provided is a holographic display apparatus including a light source configured to emit light; a spatial light modulator configured to sequentially generate hologram patterns for modulating the light and to sequentially reproduce frames of hologram images based on the hologram patterns; and a controller configured to provide hologram data signals to the spatial light modulator, the hologram data signals being used to sequentially generate the hologram patterns. The controller is configured to further provide, to the spatial light modulator, diffraction pattern data signals for forming periodic diffraction patterns for adjusting locations of the hologram images to be reproduced on a hologram image plane, the diffraction pattern data signals being configured to move the periodic diffraction patterns on the spatial light modulator along a predetermined direction for each of the frames.

A beam steering method and device are provided. The beam steering method includes outputting, from a hologram recording medium on which a plurality of signal light beams having different steering information are recorded, signal light beam having specific steering information, by making reference light having a specific characteristic incident on the hologram recording medium. The method further includes obtaining information about an object existing in the external environment based on the output signal light.

A low-cost digital holography microscope (DHM) that is capable of performing inspection at high speed while accurately inspecting an inspection object at high resolution, an inspection method using the DHM, and a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device by using the DHM are provided. The DHM includes: a light source configured to generate and output light; a beam splitter configured to cause the light to be incident on an inspection object and output reflected light from the inspection object; and a detector configured to detect the reflected light, wherein, when the reflected light includes interference light, the detector generates a hologram of the interference light, and wherein no lens is present in a path from the light source to the detector.

Some embodiments are directed to a technique having an off-axis interferometric geometry that is capable of spatially multiplexing at least six complex wavefronts, while using the same number of camera pixels typically needed for a single off-axis hologram encoding a single complex wavefront. Each of the at least six parallel complex wavefronts is encoded into an off-axis hologram with a different fringe orientation, and all complex wavefronts can be fully reconstructed. This technique is especially useful for highly dynamic samples, as it allows the acquisition of at least six complex wavefronts simultaneously, optimizing the amount of information that can be acquired in a single camera exposure. The off-axis multiplexing holographic system of some embodiments provide an off-axis holography modality that is more camera spatial bandwidth efficient than on-axis holography. Moreover, the off-axis interferometric system allows simple simultaneous acquisition of at least six holographic channels, making it attractive for imaging dynamics.

Methods, apparatus, devices, and systems for reconstructing three-dimensional objects with display zero order light suppression are provided. In one aspect, a method includes illuminating a display with light, a portion of the light illuminating display elements of the display, and modulating the display elements of the display with a hologram corresponding to holographic data to diffract the portion of the light to form a holographic scene corresponding to the holographic data, and to suppress display zero order light in the holographic scene. The display zero order light can include reflected light from the display.

A holographic head-up display (HUD) including: a picture generation unit (PGU) including at least one laser light source to generate an optical image to be projected on a HUD; a first mirror to reflect the optical image from the PGU; a second mirror to reflect the optical image reflected by the first mirror; and a holographic optical element (HOE) to diffract the optical image reflected by the second mirror at a first diffraction angle to provide an output optical image in a target direction. The first mirror includes a reflective compensatory HOE to diffract the optical image from the PGU at a second diffraction angle, and in response to change of a wavelength of the optical image from the PGU, the reflective compensatory HOE is configured to diffract the optical image from the PGU at a third diffraction angle different from the second diffraction angle such that the HOE provides the output optical image in the target direction.

Systems, devices, and methods for side lobe control in holograms are described. The magnitude of the side lobes of a hologram depends on the distribution of refractive index modulation (Δn), therefore control of side lobe magnitude may be achieved by controlling the distribution of Δn. The distribution of Δn may be controlled by replicating a hologram from a master with two reference beams, where the wavelength and angle of each reference beam, the playback angle of the master hologram, and the thickness of the master hologram, the copy holographic recording medium (HRM), and the recording substrate are carefully chosen to achieve a pattern of meta-interference within the HRM that matches the desired distribution of Δn.

There are provided volume holograms and combinations of lenticular lenses and holograms in particular for security applications. In embodiments, a volume hologram comprises a holographic medium (102) including a first optical interference structure which, upon illumination, replays a first image (110); wherein the first image includes a lenticular lens layer (111) including an array of lenticules and a lenticular image layer (113) including first (114) and second (115) interlaced images corresponding with the array of lenticules.

A method of dispersion compensation in an optical device is disclosed. The method may include identifying a first hologram grating vector of a grating medium of the optical device. The first hologram grating vector may correspond to a first wavelength of light. The method may include determining a probe hologram grating vector corresponding to a second wavelength of light different from the first wavelength of light. The method may also include determining a dispersion-compensated second hologram grating vector based at least in part on the probe hologram grating vector and the first hologram grating vector. A device for reflecting light is disclosed. The device may include a grating medium and a grating structure within the grating medium. The grating medium may include a dispersion compensated hologram.