Houdry lumps can be reduced by controlling the reactors in a fixed bed dehydrogenation process for producing olefins according to defined rules. A programmable logic controller can apply the rules to the operation of the dehydrogenation unit and control the operation of individual reactors according to the rules. By doing so, the performance of dehydrogenation units can be improved without adding any heat generating inerts, such as CuO-α alumina For example, the dehydrogenation units can be operated according to combinatorics in the programmable logic controller such that the farthest two reactors in the dehydrogenation unit never operate in parallel in the dehydrogenation or air regeneration steps.

Houdry lumps can be reduced by controlling the reactors in a fixed bed dehydrogenation process for producing olefins according to defined rules. A programmable logic controller can apply the rules to the operation of the dehydrogenation unit and control the operation of individual reactors according to the rules. By doing so, the performance of dehydrogenation units can be improved without adding any heat generating inerts, such as CuO-α alumina For example, the dehydrogenation units can be operated according to combinatorics in the programmable logic controller such that the farthest two reactors in the dehydrogenation unit never operate in parallel in the dehydrogenation or air regeneration steps.

In a control system, a controller and a plurality of input/output units are daisy-chained, and each of the input/output units detects a phase difference between a phase of received serial data and a phase of a reference clock, outputs a determination signal if the phase difference exceeds a threshold value, and records the output frequency of the determination signals. The controller acquires the frequency of the determination signals recorded by each of the input/output unit and specifies a noise mixture route based on the acquired frequency of the determination signals.

In a control system, a controller and a plurality of input/output units are daisy-chained, and each of the input/output units detects a phase difference between a phase of received serial data and a phase of a reference clock, outputs a determination signal if the phase difference exceeds a threshold value, and records the output frequency of the determination signals. The controller acquires the frequency of the determination signals recorded by each of the input/output unit and specifies a noise mixture route based on the acquired frequency of the determination signals.

Provided herein are embodiments of a programmable microgrid control system that includes programming software tools capable of modeling, analyzing and monitoring power system especially AC, DC and hybrid microgrids. The monitoring feature of the software tool allows tools to communicate with a real system to acquire online data of power system assets such as conventional and renewable energy sources, transformers, and electrical loads.

A method may include obtaining, by a remote server, replacement data regarding various hardware components from various automation systems. The replacement data may describe component replacements of various component types that are used by the automation systems. The method may further include determining, by the remote server, a failure rate of a first component type using the replacement data. The first component type may be associated with an automation system. The method may further include determining, by the remote server, whether the failure rate of the first component type satisfies a predetermined replacement criterion. The method may further include transmitting, by the remote server and in response to determining that the failure rate of the first component type fails to satisfy the predetermined replacement criterion, a command to an automation system among the automation systems. The command may cause the automation system to replace a hardware component corresponding to the first component type with a hardware component corresponding to a second component type. The first component type may be different from the second component type.

A method may include obtaining, by a remote server, replacement data regarding various hardware components from various automation systems. The replacement data may describe component replacements of various component types that are used by the automation systems. The method may further include determining, by the remote server, a failure rate of a first component type using the replacement data. The first component type may be associated with an automation system. The method may further include determining, by the remote server, whether the failure rate of the first component type satisfies a predetermined replacement criterion. The method may further include transmitting, by the remote server and in response to determining that the failure rate of the first component type fails to satisfy the predetermined replacement criterion, a command to an automation system among the automation systems. The command may cause the automation system to replace a hardware component corresponding to the first component type with a hardware component corresponding to a second component type. The first component type may be different from the second component type.

A system and method for monitoring and controlling an industrial plant having a plurality of assembly/processing stations (ST) divided into separate control areas (A), each control area having an electronic control and processing unit (PLC). A portable computer (TAB) selectively serves as the industrial plant global monitoring device and the human machine interface (HMI) for the processing stations through one or more applications or programs.

The portable computer is selectively placed in communication with selective of the electronic control and processing units for selected global monitoring of the industrial plant operations, local monitoring of at least one of the assembly/processing stations and/or control of at the assembly/processing stations through sending of signals to the electronic control and processing unit(s).

In one example, identification devices (DK) or network access points (AP) are used in each control area to detect the presence of the portable computer in or near a given control area to establish communication between the portable computer and the electronic control and processing unit(s).

A programmable logic controller includes: a parameter storage ROM to store transmission destination mail address data set as a parameter; a communication processing unit to acquire the transmission destination mail address data from an external apparatus; an internal device being a storing unit for storing the transmission destination mail address data acquired by the communication processing unit; an internal memory to store the transmission destination mail address data in the internal device when the transmission destination mail address data in the internal device is added data; a Flash ROM to store backup data of the transmission destination mail address data stored in the internal memory, and an arithmetic processing unit to perform processing for backing up, in the Flash ROM, the transmission destination mail address data acquired from the external apparatus and performs, in reoperation, processing for writing, in the internal memory.

A programmable logic controller includes: a parameter storage ROM to store transmission destination mail address data set as a parameter; a communication processing unit to acquire the transmission destination mail address data from an external apparatus; an internal device being a storing unit for storing the transmission destination mail address data acquired by the communication processing unit; an internal memory to store the transmission destination mail address data in the internal device when the transmission destination mail address data in the internal device is added data; a Flash ROM to store backup data of the transmission destination mail address data stored in the internal memory, and an arithmetic processing unit to perform processing for backing up, in the Flash ROM, the transmission destination mail address data acquired from the external apparatus and performs, in reoperation, processing for writing, in the internal memory.