Described are platforms, systems, and methods for real-time enrichment of vertices, edges, and related data within a graph database. The platforms, systems, and methods maintain a graph database comprising a representation of a current state of an automation environment comprising a plurality of data sources, wherein the data sources are represented as vertices in the graph database and relationships between the individual data sources are represented as edges in the graph database; operate a plurality of software agents, each software agent configured to perform operations comprising: applying an algorithm to identify patterns in the graph database; and generating a specific data enrichment based on one or more identified patterns; and contribute the generated data enrichment back to the graph database.

Described are platforms, systems, and methods to discover relationships among equipment in automated industrial or commercial environments by cycling each individual piece of equipment while observing sensors in all other equipment in order to measure how each part reacts to each other part. The platforms, systems, and methods identify a plurality of data sources associated with an automation environment; issue one or more commands to cycle a current data source in the a plurality of data sources; monitor the automation environment for events or state changes in the data sources; detect one or more events or one or more state changes in one or more other data sources in the a plurality of data sources; and determine one or more relationships between the current data source and the one or more other data sources.

Described are platforms, systems, and methods to automatically discover, extract, map, merge, and enrich data found in on-premises in automated industrial and commercial environments and cloud systems for purposes of providing developers access to normalized, merged, and enriched data through an API. The platforms, systems, and methods identify a plurality of data sources associated with an automation environment; retrieve data from at least one of the identified data sources; apply a first algorithm to map the retrieved data to a predetermined ontology; merge the mapped data into a data store comprising timeseries of the mapped data; apply a second algorithm to identify patterns in the merged data and enriching the data based on one or more identified patterns; and provide one or more APIs or one or more real-time streams to provide access to the enriched data.

Described are platforms, systems, and methods to discover relationships among equipment in automated industrial or commercial environments by looking for synchrony in state changes among the equipment. The platforms, systems, and methods identify a plurality of data sources associated with an automation environment; detect one or more events or one or more state changes in the data sources; store the detected events or state changes; detect synchrony in the detected events or state changes by performing operations comprising: identifying combinatorial pairs of data sources having an event or state change within a predetermined time window; and conducting pairwise testing for each identified combinatorial pair of data sources by applying an algorithm to the stored detected events or state changes; and determine one or more relationships for at least one identified combinatorial pair of data sources.

A process for integrating an industrial automation system with an Internet of Things (IoT) system may include providing access to a cloud-based platform, the cloud-based platform having a user interface. The user interface provides for easily displaying and changing configuration parameters describing a gateway module, a data acquisition module, and a sensor data channel associated with an industrial automation system wherein the data acquisition module can collect and process data from the sensor data channel and communicate that sensor data and any related processed information to a gateway module. The gateway module may also communicate configuration information to the data acquisition module and sensor data channel. The process may use the cloud-based platform to generate a memory map of the IoT system which can be used by a PLC or similar device of the industrial automation system to configure the IoT system and display data collected from the IoT system.

A control system for operating a system having an operable component includes a master and a slave assigned to the component. The master and the slave each comprise a software processing part and a programmable logic part. The master is configured by its software processing part to: receive job data, transform the job data into component job data, and send the component job data to the slave. The master is configured by its programmable logic part to send information about a current job status to the slave. The slave is configured by its programmable logic part to receive the information about the current job status, and to send information about the current job status to its software processing part. The slave is configured by its software processing part to execute a job corresponding to the component job data using the current job status.

This control device is connected to a master device and controls a drive target on the basis of the content of communication with the master device, and includes a communication unit which periodically transmits to and receives from the master device first information, which is information relating to control of the drive target, and second information, which is information relating to safety; a first processing unit which controls the drive target by processing the first information; a second processing unit which, by processing the second information, performs processing to ensure safety of the drive target; and an abnormality determining unit which determines that an abnormality has occurred if both the first information and the second information have not been processed within a prescribed period.

A control device (110) for controlling at least one collimator is disclosed, wherein the collimator has a plurality of parts being designed for collimating and shaping rays, wherein the rays are generated for treating a predefined body part of a patient, wherein the control device (110) comprises a programmable logic controller (112), a plurality of controller nodes (114), a plurality of device controllers (118), and a plurality of real-time bus interfaces (116). Herein, the programmable logic controller (112) is designated as a first master device (122) with respect to each of the controller nodes (114), wherein the programmable logic controller (112) is designed for superordinate control of the plurality of parts of the collimator. Further, each of the controller nodes (114) is designated as a first slave device (124) with respect to the programmable logic controller (112), wherein the controller node (114) is designated as a second master device (126) with respect to at least one corresponding device controller (118), wherein the controller node (114) is designed for controlling at least one corresponding part of the collimator, wherein the controller node (114) is connected to the programmable logic controller (112) by one of the real-time bus interfaces (116). Further, each of the device controllers (118) is designated as a second slave device (128) with respect to a corresponding controller node (114), wherein each of the device controllers (118) is designed for controlling at least one of an actuator (130) and a sensor (132), wherein the actuator (130) is designed for adjusting a corresponding part of the collimator, and wherein the sensor (132) is designed for providing data related to position and/or velocity information with respect to the corresponding part of the collimator, wherein the device controller (118) is connected to the corresponding controller node (114) by one of the real-time bus interfaces (116).

A method for integrating a further bus subscriber into a bus system, and a bus system, having a master module and subscribers disposed in series, includes the temporally consecutive method steps: in a first method step, the further bus subscriber transmits a data packet to the master module in order to log in to the master module, in a second method step, a bus subscriber disposed between the further bus subscriber and the master module stops the data packet and checks whether the bus system has already received a release, in a third method step, the first bus subscriber forwards the data packet to the master module if the bus system has not yet received a release, or in a third, in particular an alternative, method step, if the bus system has already received a release, the bus subscriber stores the data packet and waits until the release of the bus system is revoked and after the release has been revoked, forwards the stored data packet to the master module.

A bus system is provided. The bus system includes a master device, a bus, and a plurality of slave devices electrically connected to the master device via the bus. Each slave device has an alert handshake pin. The alert handshake pins of the slave devices are electrically connected together via an alert-handshake control line. When a first slave device communicates with the master device through the bus, in a first phase of a plurality of phases in each assignment period, the first slave device sets the alert-handshake control line to a first voltage level via the alert handshake pin, wherein the first phase corresponds to the first slave device. In the phases other than the first phase in each assignment period, the alert-handshake control line is at a second voltage level. Each of the phases includes two clock cycles.