An anti-scatter grid, a detector with such an anti-scatter grid and a radiation imaging system including such a detector with an anti-scatter grid are provided. The anti-scatter grid includes at least one grid wall. The parameters of the grid wall may be adjusted to arrive a uniform scatter-to-primary ratio. The parameters of the grid wall comprise thickness, height, shape, or position of the grid wall, or width of interspace between two grid walls. The detector includes the anti-scatter grid, at least one photosensor, and at least one scintillator. The radiation system includes a radiation generator, a radiation detector with the anti-scatter grid, and a processor.

An probe body comprising: one or more light sources; one or more light sensors; an x-ray detector configured to detect, using at least one of the one or more light sensors, light from a scintillator for converting extra-orally applied x-rays to light; and a lower energy light detector configured to detect, using at least one of the one or more light sensors, light from an object illuminated by at least one of the one or more light sources.

A radiological image conversion panel 2 is provided with a phosphor 18 containing a fluorescent material that emits fluorescence by radiation exposure, in which the phosphor includes, a columnar section 34 formed by a group of columnar crystals which are obtained through columnar growth of crystals of the fluorescent material, and a non-columnar section 36, the columnar section and the non-columnar section are integrally formed to overlap in a crystal growth direction of the columnar crystals, and a thickness of the non-columnar section along the crystal growth direction is non-uniform in a region of at least a part of the non-columnar section.

An anti-scatter grid, a detector with such an anti-scatter grid and a radiation imaging system including such a detector with an anti-scatter grid are provided. The anti-scatter grid includes at least one grid wall. The parameters of the grid wall may be adjusted to arrive a uniform scatter-to-primary ratio. The parameters of the grid wall comprise thickness, height, shape, or position of the grid wall, or width of interspace between two grid walls. The detector includes the anti-scatter grid, at least one photosensor, and at least one scintillator. The radiation system includes a radiation generator, a radiation detector with the anti-scatter grid, and a processor.

A radiographing apparatus includes a radiation detection panel including an effective image-acquisition area configured to detect radiation and a casing configured to house the radiation detection panel. The casing includes an incidence surface on which the radiation is incident, a back surface opposite the incidence surface, and a side surface between the incidence surface and the back surface. On the side surface of the casing, a level-difference portion indicating a position based on the effective image-acquisition area and a protrusion protruding more outward than the level-difference portion are provided.

The invention comprises a method and apparatus for imaging a tumor with X-rays while, simultaneously or alternatingly, treating or imaging the tumor with positively charged particles. An X-ray imaging system, such as one or two sets of a cone beam X-ray source coupled to an X-ray detector, is rotatable about a first axis and a patient. The X-ray imaging system is positioned off axis a path of charged particles delivered through an exit port of a nozzle system from a synchrotron and does not block a path of the positively charged particles from the exit nozzle to the patient or an imaging path from the patient to a scintillation detector. Fiducial indicators are used to confirm an unobstructed path of the positively charged particles in a treatment room comprising many movable elements, such as the X-ray imaging system and a patient positioning system/couch.

An x-ray phosphor plate system has an x-ray phosphor plate, which is configured to be exposed by x-ray light in a recording region, and which carries a shadowing marker, which is arranged in the recording region, on at least one side of the x-ray phosphor plate. The system also has a phosphor plate reader, which is configured to read the exposed x-ray phosphor plate in order to produce an x-ray recording. The shadowing marker has a shadowing effect in respect of x-ray light that is so small that the shadowing marker is only weakly identifiable, and/or only identifiable by way of image artefacts, and/or not identifiable when the x-ray recording is observed by a user. The phosphor plate reader instead has an identification algorithm, which is configured to identify whether or not the x-ray light was shadowed by the shadowing marker during the exposure.

The invention comprises a method and apparatus for imaging a tumor with X-rays while, simultaneously or alternatingly, treating or imaging the tumor with positively charged particles. An X-ray imaging system, such as one or two sets of a cone beam X-ray source coupled to an X-ray detector, is rotatable about a first axis and a patient. The X-ray imaging system is positioned off axis a path of charged particles delivered through an exit port of a nozzle system from a synchrotron and does not block a path of the positively charged particles from the exit nozzle to the patient or an imaging path from the patient to a scintillation detector. Fiducial indicators are used to confirm an unobstructed path of the positively charged particles in a treatment room comprising many movable elements, such as the X-ray imaging system and a patient positioning system/couch.

The disclosure is directed at a method and apparatus for determining virtual outputs for a multi-energy x-ray apparatus. Based on the application that the x-ray apparatus is being used for, a general algorithm can be determined or selected. Inputs received from the x-ray apparatus can be substituted into the general algorithm to generate a virtual output algorithm for the x-ray apparatus. Virtual outputs can then be calculated using the virtual output algorithm.

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining actual points along a positively charged particle beam path and/or vectors of the charged particle beam path, where the determined points and vectors aid tomographic construction of a three-dimensional image of a tumor and surrounding tissue. Further, the determined points and vectors of the positively charged particle beam are used in beam control safety, to modify a tumor treatment plan in real time, and/or in combination with co-gathered X-ray images to form a hybrid proton tomographyX-ray three-dimensional image. Preferably, common elements, such as an injector, accelerator, beam transport system, and/or patient positioning system are used for both tumor treatment and tumor imaging.