In some embodiments, the present application provides a swallowable capsule comprising pseudo conductive high-electron-mobility transistors (PC-HEMTs), and its use in an intestinal and gut diagnostics and gut motility monitoring.

In some embodiments, the PC-HEMT based microelectronic sensors are used in recording physiological and non-physiological sounds as hypersensitive microphones. Recording the physiological sounds is associated with the S1/S2 heart split phenomena and phonocardiography.

A monitoring system a user activity sensor to determine patterns of activity based upon the user activity occurring over time.

In some embodiments, a microelectronic sensor includes an open-gate pseudo-conductive high-electron mobility transistor and used for air quality monitoring. The transistor comprises a substrate, on which a multilayer hetero-junction structure is deposited. This hetero-junction structure comprises a buffer layer and a barrier layer, both grown from III-V single-crystalline or polycrystalline semiconductor materials. A two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) conducting channel is formed at the interface between the buffer and barrier layers and provides electron current in the system between source and drain electrodes. The source and drain contacts are non-ohmic (capacitively-coupled) and connected to the formed 2DEG channel and to the electrical metallizations, the latter are placed on top of the transistor and connect it to the sensor system. The metal gate electrode is placed between the source and drain areas on or above the barrier layer, which may be recessed or grown to a specific thickness. An optional dielectric layer is deposited on top of the barrier layer.

n some embodiments, an open-gate pseudo-conductive high-electron mobility transistor (PC-HEMT) includes a multilayer hetero-junction structure made of III-V single-crystalline or polycrystalline semiconductor materials. This structure includes at least one buffer layer and a barrier layer, and is deposited on a substrate layer. The PC-HEMT further includes a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) or two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG) conducting channel formed at the interface between the buffer layer and the barrier layer, source and drain contacts, either ohmic or non-ohmic, connected to the 2DEG or 2DHG conducting channel, electrical metallizations for connecting the PC-HEMT to an electric circuit, and an open gate area between the source and drain contacts. Some embodiments use non-ohmic contacts, have thickness of the top (buffer or barrier) layer in the open gate area in the range of 5-9 nm, which corresponds to the pseudo-conducting current range between normally-on and normally-off operation mode of the transistor, and have the roughness of the surface barrier layer in the range of about 0.2 nm or less.

An electronic blood pressure monitor includes: a vibration sensor that includes a film shape, the vibration sensor detecting vibrations of a body surface, the vibration sensor converting the detected vibrations to an electrical signal corresponding to pressure generated in a thickness direction of the vibration sensor to output the electrical signal; and a stethoscope filter that passes a signal of a first predetermined frequency band among the output electrical signal, the first predetermined frequency band being determined based on a frequency characteristic of a stethoscope.

According to some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of using an earphone output speaker as a microphone for a phone call between two and/or more participants, or for measuring biometric data of a user. The method may comprise playing a received signal to an electro-acoustic output transducer of an earphone. The method may comprise instructing an audio processing circuit of a local client terminal to record an audio signal from the same electro-acoustic output transducer. The method may comprise calculating a voice signal and/or a biometric measurement based on a function combining the recorded audio signal, the received signal, and filtration coefficients, using a processing unit of the local client terminal. The method may comprise sending the voice signal and/or a biometric measurement through an output interface of the local client terminal.

A method for determining blood pressure is disclosed. The method comprises determining a plurality of heart sounds using a microphone of a handheld device and determining a pulse wave using a camera of the handheld device. The method includes determining an ejection time (ET), a vascular transit time (VTT), and a heart rate from any of the plurality of heart sounds and the pulse wave. The method includes performing regression analysis on received user-specific data, the ET, the VTT, and the heart rate to determine the blood pressure.

A combination of an AV shunt for hemodialysis patients and a protective sleeve that protects the shunt and the shunt site. The sleeve includes a clear window and technology to monitor and detect a weakening pulse, allowing for early intervention before more serious problems develop.

Techniques for determining pulse transit time (PTT) and blood pressure measurements based on stethoscope data are provided. In one example, a system comprises a stethoscope component that monitors a heart and generates stethoscope data representative of a sound wave generated by the heart. The system can further comprise an analysis component that receives the stethoscope data and receives, from a photoplethysmography (PPG) component that monitors an extremity, PPG data representative of a pulse wave at the extremity. The analysis component can determine, based on the stethoscope data, a first time corresponding to closure of a tricuspid valve of the heart and can determine a PTT as a function of the first time and a second time corresponding to the pulse wave at the extremity that is determined based on the PPG data. Blood pressure measurements can be obtained from algorithms with the inputs of PTT or times determined based on the PPG data.