Described within are systems, methods and apparatus for a bone mounted robotic-assisted orthopedic surgery system for precise implant position, soft tissue balancing and guidance of tools during a surgical procedure, particularly partial or total knee replacement procedure. The system features a bone mounted robotic arm with end-effector for precise positioning of surgical tool, position in of implants and balancing of soft tissues. The reconfigurable robotic system requires minimal training by surgeons, is intuitive to use similar to conventional instrumented surgery and has a small footprint. The system works with existing, conventional instruments, patient specific instruments, sensor-assisted systems and computer-assisted systems and does not require increased surgical time and safely provides the enhanced precision achievable by robotic-assisted systems and computer-assisted technologies.

A cutting guide aimed at being connected to a surgical cutting tool, including: a casing, a cutting blade, a sliding mechanism connected to the casing, a sliding unit coupled to the casing via the sliding mechanism, the sliding unit further cooperates by sliding with the sliding mechanism, a blade maintaining element carried by the sliding unit, being designed to cooperate with the cutting blade in order to maintain the blade aligned with the sliding axis, an abutment element carried by the sliding unit, being aimed at abutting against an abutment body part. The sliding mechanism and the sliding unit are configured to be positioned below the cutting blade in use configuration, and the sliding unit, the blade maintaining element and the abutment element remain static with regards to an anatomical element when the cutting guide is activated.

Embodiments of the present application provide technologies related to adaptive surgeon-specific instrumentation, unique preparatory tools and procedures for bone resection and implant devices, and systems for selection of implantation preparatory tools for implantation procedures. The embodiments described herein may, for example, be utilized in connection with knee arthroplasty procedures.

A method of navigating a cutting instrument, via a computer system, the method comprising: (a) mounting a patient-specific anatomical mapper (PAM) to a human in a single known location and orientation, where the PAM includes a surface precisely and correctly mating with a human surface correctly in only a single location and orientation; (b) mounting a reference inertial measurement unit (IMU) to the human; (c) operatively coupling a guide to the PAM, where the guide includes an instrument inertial measurement unit (IMU) and at least one of a cutting slot and a pin orifice; (d) outputting data from the reference IMU and the instrument IMU indicative of changes in position and orientation of the guide with respect to the human; (e) repositioning the guide with respect to the human to a position and an orientation consistent with a plan for carrying out at least one of a cut and pin placement; and, (f) visually displaying feedback concerning the position and orientation of the guide with respect to the human using data output from the reference IMU and the instrument IMU, which data is processed by a computer program and the computer program directs the visually displayed feedback.

A surgical template system for use in working on a bone comprises: a tool guide block comprising at least one guide aperture for receiving and guiding a tool to work on a bone; locating means comprising a plurality of locating members, each member having a respective end surface for positioning against a surface of the bone; and attachment means for non-adjustably attaching the tool guide block to the locating means such that, when attached, the member end surfaces are secured in fixed position with, respect to each other, for engaging different respective portions of the surface of the bone, and the at least one guide aperture is secured in a fixed position with respect to the end surfaces. Corresponding methods of manufacturing a surgical template system, methods of manufacturing locating means for a surgical template system, methods of fitting a prosthesis to a bone, surgical methods, and surgical apparatus are described.

Methods and devices for performing knee arthroplasty including but not limited to bicruciate retaining knee arthroplasty are provided. Methods and devices for preparing a proximal tibia for a tibial implant are also provided. These methods and devices, in at least some embodiments and uses, facilitate decreasing the complexity of knee arthroplasty procedures such as bicruciate retaining procedures while maintaining, if not improving on, the safety, accuracy and/or effectiveness of such procedures.

A method for optimizing a knee arthroplasty surgical procedure includes receiving pre-operative data comprising (i) anatomical measurements of the patient, (ii) soft tissue measurements of the patient's anatomy, and (iii) implant parameters identifying an implant to be used in the knee arthroplasty surgical procedure. An equation set is selected from a plurality of pre-generated equation sets based on the pre-operative data. During the knee arthroplasty surgical procedure, patient-specific kinetic and kinematic response values are generated and displayed using an optimization process. The optimization process includes collecting intraoperative data from one or more surgical tools of a computer-assisted surgical system, and using the intraoperative data and the pre-operative data to solve the equation set, thereby yielding the patient-specific kinetic and kinematic response values. A visualization is then provided of the patient-specific kinetic and kinematic response values on the displays.

An optical shape sensing system includes an attachment mechanism (130) being configured to secure an optical shape sensing fiber to an instrument, the optical shape sensing fiber being connected to the instrument and configured to identify a position and orientation of the instrument. An optical shape sensing module (115) is configured to receive feedback from the optical shape sensing fiber and register the position of the instrument relative to an operating environment. A position response module (144) is configured to provide feedback to an operator based on position or orientation of the instrument to guide usage of the instrument.

A method for generating intraoperative surgical guidance during a knee arthroplasty includes: preceding resection of a first bone and a second bone in a knee of a patient, generating a first ligament tension curve for a first ligament in the knee; generating a second ligament tension curve for a second ligament in the knee; storing a first target tension curve for the first ligament based on the first ligament tension curve; and, succeeding resection of the first bone and succeeding placement of a first test implant on the first bone, generating a third ligament tension curve for the first ligament; characterizing a first phase difference between the third ligament tension curve and the first target tension curve; and in response to the first phase difference exceeding a threshold negative phase difference, outputting a first prompt to a surgeon to further resect the first bone proportional to the first phase difference.

A system is disclosed herein for providing a kinetic assessment and preparation of a prosthetic joint comprising one or more prosthetic components. The system comprises a prosthetic component including sensors and circuitry configured to measure load, position of load, and joint alignment. The system further includes a remote system for receiving, processing, and displaying quantitative measurements from the sensors. The kinetic assessment measures joint alignment under loading that will be similar to that of a final joint installation. The kinetic assessment can use trial or permanent prosthetic components. Furthermore, adjustments can be made to the applied load magnitude, position of load, and joint alignment by various means to fine-tune an installation. The kinetic assessment increases both performance and reliability of the installed joint by reducing error that is introduced by elements that load or modify the joint dynamics not taken into account by prior assessment methods.