Systems and methods of determining a difference of position between a malleable object and a target shape are described herein.

A parameter indicating a surface property of an object surface is plotted on the horizontal axis, a normal direction change rate of the shape of the object surface is plotted on the vertical axis, the minimum normal direction change rate visible to a person is associated with the parameter indicating the surface property of the object surface to create a visible area map, the relationship between the parameter indicating the surface property of a machining surface of a workpiece, and the maximum value of the normal direction change rate of the shape of the machining surface of the workpiece is displayed on the visible area map, and the object surface is evaluated.

The disclosed technology relates to an intelligent motion control system that utilizes onboard sensors and processing to guide a surface manipulation machine along a path of travel on a surface, confirm a position of the machine with respect to the surface, and actuate a surface manipulation tool to achieve a desired surface profile or locate a point of interest. The system may include a first and second surface profiler that is configured to scan a surface on which the system travels and a positional sensor configured to generate positional data representing a position of the machine. The processor is configured to generate topography data based on output received from the first surface profiler, generate intermediate data based on output received from the second profiler, compare the intermediate data with the topography data to calculate an offset; and control motion of the system based on the offset.

The disclosed technology provides solutions for improving the operation of construction robotics, such as paving machines. In some aspects, the disclosed technology encompasses a paving machine that includes a first surface profiler configured to scan a surface on which a cart travels, a second surface profiler disposed on an actuating tool, a positional sensor configured to generate positional data representing a position of the cart. The paving machine can also include a processor configured for receiving the positional data from the position sensor, receiving surface profile information from the first surface profiler and the second surface profiler, filtering the surface profile information to remove one or more extraneous motion artifacts, and creating a topographic map of the surface based on the positional data and the surface profile information. Computer-implemented methods and machine-readable media are also provided.

Disclosed are an external, numerically controlled, rapid reconfigurable surface mold and forming method thereof In this mold, an external shape-adjusting component is composed of a height-regulating rod, a motor, and a sliding guide rail module. The height-regulating rod is connected to the sliding guide rail module, and the motor is coaxially connected to the height-regulating rod. In addition, the molding module consists of a plurality of basic body units with the same structure, the lower end of the basic body unit is installed in the mold box, the upper end of the basic body unit is matched with the lower end of the height-regulating rod, and the height of the basic body unit is adjustable. Subsequently, in the forming method, driven by the motor and under the action of the force of the lower end of the height-regulating rod, the height-regulating rod moves above the basic body units.