A balloon is provided for selectively moving an esophagus away from an ablation site. The balloon is received through an oral cavity and into the esophagus of a patient. A deflecting member is provided in the tube, the balloon, or both, so as to selectively distort to bend the balloon and/or the tube to move the esophagus away from the ablation site. The deflecting member may comprise at least one of a strip made of a shape memory material that is responsive to the receipt of a stimulus to deflect to a predetermined shape, a strip that is made of or contains a ferrous material and that deflects in response to the presence of a magnetic field, and a selectively tensionable cable, wire, or string. The deflecting member may be supplemented by a stiffening strip that is located in the balloon and that causes the balloon to expand circumferentially and asymmetrically when inflated.

A medical device, including: a cooling system; a heating system; and an applicator including a cold base operationally coupled to the cooling system and a heating element operationally coupled to the heating system, and an applicator head collocated with the cold base and the heating element and adapted for applying a combination of heat and cold to a target area such as target tissue.

A device, system, and method for treating an area of tissue and evaluating lesion formation and quality. The system may include a medical device having a plurality of mapping electrodes on a treatment element, the plurality of mapping electrodes being configured to record from the area of tissue at least one of unipolar impedance measurements, bipolar impedance measurements, local electrical activity, and pace threshold measurements before, during, and after circulation of the cryogenic fluid within the treatment element. These measurements may be transmitted to a control unit having processing circuitry configured to compare pre-treatment measurements, in-treatment measurements, and/or post-treatment measurements to each other and/or to threshold values to determine occlusion and/or lesion quality, such as lesion transmurality.

A cryoballoon control device (2), catheter system and temperature display method are disclosed. The control device (2) acquires a plurality of balloon circumference temperature values obtained by circumference temperature sensors (4) circumferentially disposed on a cryoballoon (1) and a balloon center temperature value obtained from a center temperature sensor (5) disposed at a center of the cryoballoon (1) and, automatically adjusts a flow rate of a coolant introduced into the cryoballoon (1) based on a comparison between a preset balloon temperature value and a comparative temperature value, to enable a temperature adjustment to the cryoballoon (1), wherein the comparative temperature value is the balloon center temperature value, any one of the balloon circumference temperature values, or a computational temperature value derived by a predefined algorithm from the plurality of balloon circumference temperature values. The cryoballoon catheter system is configured to display, on the display device (3), a plurality of balloon circumference temperature representation graphs surrounding a balloon center temperature representation graph, wherein when one of the balloon circumference temperature values exceeds a first predetermined threshold range, a corresponding one of the balloon circumference temperature representation graphs indicates a first alert condition which prompts an operator to adjust temperature of the cryoballoon (1).

A high temperature cryosurgery system and method of operation comprising a refrigeration assembly, a cryoprobe and a refrigerant wherein the cryoprobe and the refrigeration assembly are fluidly coupled in a closed loop configured to cycle the refrigerant in a fluid state from the refrigeration assembly to the cryoprobe and further configured to cycle the refrigerant in a vapor state from the cryoprobe to the refrigeration assembly. A method for treating cancer tumors and metastatic cancer cells by disrupting the tumor by sequentially or concurrently administering an ablative energy in combination with immunomodulation and/or pharmacological application, in one or more cycles, where the physical disruption is applied at levels sufficient to create the abscopal effect. That effect is generated by stimulating the immune cells in the microenvironment. The tumor is treated in a way permitting the remaining cells or elements in the tumor microenvironment to exert net immune stimulation with also long-term memory cells to fight subsequent appearing tumor in the future. Adding immune modulators injected in situ systemically or embedded in slow releasing means locally or systemically will boost the immune response to the cancer.

Systems and methods for the use of cooling to trigger desirable effects of increased vasculature and/or development of new collagen in biological tissue are provided. In particular, the systems and methods provide a cooling treatment system configured to provide bulk or fractionated cooling at either at ablative temperatures or intermediary remodeling temperatures to promote tissue remodeling by inducing increased vasculature and/or the formation of new collagen.

Provided herein is an apparatus having a first tubular body, a second tubular body disposable within the first tubular body, a first plurality of fenestrations in fluid communication with a gallbladder lumen, and an expandable body disposed around the first plurality of fenestrations. The first plurality of fenestrations is configured to deliver a phase changing ablation medium by spraying the phase changing ablation medium in a spatially diffuse pattern into the space defined by the expandable body between the first plurality of fenestrations and the wall of the gallbladder. The first tubular body and the second tubular body define an annular flow path. A pressure sensor measures intraluminal pressure of the gallbladder. A control unit is coupled to the pressure sensor.

Exhaust removal apparatus and methods for cryogenic treatment are described herein. The apparatus may generally include a housing having an inlet for fluidly coupling to a source of water and an outlet for fluidly coupling to a drain, and a suction chamber in fluid communication with the housing, wherein the suction chamber is further configured to be detachably coupled to an exhaust collection reservoir having a volume of exhaust gas. Introduction of water through the inlet generates a pressure reduction within the suction chamber such that the volume of exhaust gas is drawn from the exhaust collection reservoir and into the housing for dissolving into the water and out through the drain.

The present invention provides a medical device that may include a catheter body having proximal and distal portions, a fluid injection lumen disposed within elongate body, and a guidewire lumen disposed within the elongate body. A tip portion defining a cavity in fluid communication with the fluid injection lumen may be coupled to the distal end of the guidewire lumen, and an expandable element may be coupled to the distal portion of the catheter body and to the tip portion, such that the expandable element is in fluid communication with the fluid injection lumen. A shaping element may at least partially surround the expandable element, where the shaping element is configurable in a first geometric configuration and a second geometric configuration.

A container replacement system for replacing a fluid container with a replacement fluid container, wherein the fluid container contains a cryogenic fluid and is coupled to a pressure line, includes a control valve that vents the cryogenic fluid within the pressure line, a pressure sensor that senses a line pressure of the cryogenic fluid and generates sensor output and a controller that receives sensor output and determines whether to replace the fluid container. If the line pressure is below a threshold line pressure, the controller determines replacing the fluid container is permissible. Contrarily, if the line pressure is above the threshold line pressure, the controller determines replacing the fluid container is not permissible. The container replacement system further includes a GUI that instructs whether replacing the fluid container is permissible.