A medical instrument includes two jaw members, at least one of which creates conditions of frustrated total internal reflection at a tissue-contacting surface when tissue is grasped between the two jaw members. The first jaw member may include an optical element having a tissue-contacting surface. The medical instrument also includes a light source that provides a light beam for sealing tissue. The light source is positioned so that the light beam is totally internally reflected from an interface between the tissue-contacting surface and air when tissue is not grasped by the jaw members. When tissue is grasped by the jaw members, at least a portion of the light beam is transmitted through that portion of the tissue-contacting surface that is in contact with the tissue. The light source may be movably coupled to a jaw member to scan the light beam and/or to change the incident angle based on optical properties of the tissue.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide a thermally robust laser probe assembly comprising a cannula, wherein one or more optical fibers extend at least partially through the cannula for transmitting laser light from a laser source to a target location. The probe assembly further comprises a lens housed in the cannula and a protective component press-fitted to the distal end of the cannula, wherein the lens is positioned between the one or more optical fibers and the protective component.

The present disclosure relates to a multi-core optical fiber cable (MCF). In some embodiments, an MCF comprises a plurality of cores surrounded by a cladding and a coating surrounding the cladding, wherein a refractive index of one or more of the plurality of cores is greater than a refractive index of the cladding. The MCF further comprises a probe comprising a probe tip coupled with a distal end of the MCF and a lens located at a distal end of the probe tip. In some embodiments, the lens is configured to translate laser light from the distal end of the MCF to create a multi-spot pattern of laser beams on a target surface and a distal end of the MCF terminates at an interface with the lens.

The present disclosure relates to a multi-core optical fiber cable (MCF). In some embodiments, an MCF comprises a plurality of cores, a cladding surrounding the plurality of cores, wherein a refractive index of one or more of the plurality of cores is greater than a refractive index of the cladding, and a coating surrounding the cladding, a distal end free of the coating and having a reduced diameter. The MCF also comprise an annular gap formed between the distal end of the MCF and the inner surface of the cannula, wherein the concentricity of the distal end of the MCF with the inner passage of the cannula is maintained.

Systems and methods for creating multi-spot laser light beams, multiplexing an illumination light and the multi-spot laser light beams, delivering the multiplexed light to a surgical handpiece via a multi-core optical fiber cable, and delivering the multiplexed light onto patient anatomy.

Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide a thermally robust laser probe assembly. The probe assembly comprises a cannula through which one or more optical fibers extend at least partially for transmitting laser light from a laser source to a target location. The probe assembly also comprises a lens housed in the cannula and a protective component at a distal end of the cannula, wherein the lens is positioned between the one or more optical fibers and the protective component, and wherein the distal end of the cannula is sealed at a sealing location of the probe assembly.

Embodiments of the invention include a treatment device and corresponding treatment method for laser wound healing, the device and method making use of the simultaneous action of multiple laser types and laser wavelengths which are applied at human tissue. The treatment device generally includes a laser system and a hand-piece which is coupled to the laser system. The hand-piece is designed so that one or multiple laser beams are applied at relatively small spot and at a relatively high power level, and are surrounded by a relatively large spot of another laser beam with a relatively low power level. In a preferred implementation, the hand-piece is adapted to facilitate the emission of first and second laser beams together with a third laser beam which is delivered at a different spatial profile in comparison to the first and second laser beams.

In part, the disclosure relates to an electromagnetic radiation (EMR) delivery system for non-invasive surface tissue temperature monitoring. The system includes a first source of EMR having a first wavelength range: a second source of EMR having a second wavelength range; and a tissue contacting material comprising a set of wavelength range specific EMR responsive dopants. In various embodiments, the tissue contacting material is positioned on a surface of a target region of tissue, wherein the tissue contacting material receives EMR from the first source, wherein the tissue contacting material receives EMR from the second source. The first and second sources may be arranged in different orientations or along a common axis or orientation.

Systems, devices, and methods for identifying different structure types with distinct composition in vivo and adjusting surgical laser output accordingly in a medical procedure are disclosed. An exemplary laser treatment system comprises a laser system configured to generate a laser beam for delivery to a target in a body, and a controller circuit configured to receive a signal reflected from the target in response to electromagnetic radiation produced by a light source, and generate one or more spectroscopic properties from the reflected signal. The controller circuit can identify the target as one of a plurality of structure types, such as tissue types or calculi types with respective compositions, using the one or more spectroscopic properties. The laser system can be controlled to operate in an operating mode based on the target identification.

A surgical laser system includes an array of laser diodes that are configured to output laser energy, a fiber bundle, a delivery fiber, and a tubular sheath. The fiber bundle includes a plurality of optical fibers and has a proximal end that is configured to receive laser energy from the array of laser diodes. The delivery fiber includes a proximal end that is configured to receive laser energy from a distal end of the fiber bundle. The tubular sheath defines a lumen, in which at least a portion of the delivery fiber is disposed. The tubular sheath is insertable into a working channel of an endoscope or a cystoscope. A distal end of the tubular sheath is configured to deliver laser energy discharged from the delivery fiber into a body of a patient.