A surgical instrument that comprises an elongate shaft assembly that defines a shaft axis. A surgical end effector is pivotally coupled to the elongate shaft assembly for selective pivotal travel relative thereto about an articulation axis that is laterally offset from the shaft axis and extends transversely relative thereto. An end effector driver link is operably coupled to the surgical end effector and an articulation driver that is supported for longitudinal travel in distal and proximal directions upon application of articulation motions thereto. A flexible de-articulation member is coupled to the elongate shaft assembly and the surgical end effector to apply de-articulation motions to the surgical end effector.

A joint structure includes a first link and a second link coupled to one another by a joint. The first link and the second link are articulatable relative to each other about the joint. An actuation element extends through a first guide channel in the first link and a second guide channel in the second link. The first guide channel terminates in an opening where the actuation element extends from the first link to extend across the joint to the second link. A first edge portion of the opening is at a first location along a longitudinal axis of the first guide channel, and a second edge portion of the opening is at a second location different from the first location along the longitudinal axis of the first guide channel. Systems and devices include related joint structures.

Apparatus and methods are described including a robotic unit configured to move the tool through six degrees-of-freedom, and a control component that comprises at least one control-component arm configured to be moved by a user, The control-component arm includes three rotary encoders, each of the three rotary encoders coupled to a respective joint and configured to detect movement of the respective joint and to generate rotary-encoder data indicative of an XYZ location of a tip of the control-component tool, in response thereto, and an inertial measurement unit comprising at least one of a three-axis accelerometer, a three-axis gyroscope, and a three-axis magnetometer, the inertial measurement unit being configured to generate inertial-measurement-unit data indicative of an orientation of the tip of control-component tool. Other applications are also described.

Implementations relate to a configurable counterbalance mechanism. In some implementations, a counterbalance apparatus includes a spring, a tension element coupled between the spring and a mechanical ground, a base element coupled to a load, and a configurable arm rotatably coupled to the base element. A first pulley and a second pulley are rotatably coupled to the configurable arm, the second pulley orbitable about the first axis, and the tension element is at least partially wrapped around the first pulley and the second pulley. The configurable arm is rotatably configurable at either a first orientation or a second orientation, where the first orientation is associated with a center of gravity of the load located on a first side of the counterbalance apparatus and the second orientation is associated with the center of gravity of the load located on a second side of the counterbalance apparatus opposite to the first side.

A medical manipulator including an insertion portion, where the insertion section including a bending portion and an end effector disposed on a distal end side of the insertion portion. The medical manipulator further including an actuator configured to generate a first drive force for moving the bending portion; a lever configured to generate a second drive force for moving the bending portion, the lever being used to move the bending portion instead of the actuator; a wire configured to transmit the first drive force or the second drive force to the bending portion; and a transmission blocking device configured to switch from the first drive force to the second drive force.

An adapter assembly for selective connection to a surgical device is provided. The adapter assembly includes an outer tube having a distal end and a proximal end, a housing secured to the proximal end of the outer tube, and a cable drive assembly supported by the housing. The cable drive assembly includes a worm gear drive assembly, a cable gear assembly coupled to the worm gear drive assembly, and one or more cables coupled to the cable gear assembly and axially translatable within the outer tube.

Various embodiments of tool assemblies are provided having at least one rotary input coupling and at least one linear input coupling for allowing either a rotary output or a linear output (e.g., from a tool driver on a surgical robot) to activate at least one mechanism of the tool assembly. For example, mechanisms of the tool assembly can include a clamping assembly, a firing assembly, an articulation assembly, and a roll assembly. The clamping assembly can open and close jaws of an end effector, the firing assembly can translate a knife assembly through the end effector to fire staples and cut tissue, the articulation assembly can articulate the end effector, and the roll assembly can rotate the elongate shaft and/or the end effector.

An apparatus and method for an articulating microsurgical instrument is disclosed herein. The articulating microsurgical instrument may be configured to be operable with a Doppler probe, bone grasper, soft tissue grasper/dissector, scissors, flexible forceps, or a suction/irrigation line configured to provide tools within a surgical location that can be adjusted to a desired angle of operation. A tip assembly may comprise an articulating portion at a distal tip and the articulating portion may be configured to deflect upon actuation of an articulation control. The articulation control may be a trigger assembly or a roller wheel. A bayonet-style handle may include a set of posts configured to interact with the one or more control wires during actuation of the articulation control. One or more control wires may be housed in a lumen and actuated using a articulation control of a handle assembly.

A driver module for actuating a tendon, the driver module comprising: a slider comprising a base portion, a tendon receiving portion and a body portion, the tendon receiving portion being spaced apart from the base portion and the body portion extends from the base portion to the tendon receiving portion, the module further comprising a slider receiving portion having a first end and a second end and engageable with the base portion of the slider such that the slider is moveably attachable to the slider receiving portion.

A robotic surgical instrument comprising a shaft and end effector element connected by an articulation. The articulation comprises a first joint driveable by a first pair of driving elements. The first joint permits the end effector element to rotate about a first axis transverse to a longitudinal axis of the shaft, the rotation of the end effector element about the first axis bounded by an extreme rotation angle relative to the longitudinal axis. A second joint is driveable by a second pair of driving elements. A pulley arrangement constrains the second pair of driving elements, and comprises a first set of pulleys rotatable about the first axis, and a second set of pulleys located relative to the first set of pulleys such that at the extreme rotation angle the second pair of driving elements is retained in contact with both the first and second sets of pulleys.