Surgical systems and methods for use with a hand-guided tool. The surgical system includes a robotic manipulator that holds a tool guide. The tool guide receives and guides the surgical tool to enable the tool to manipulate a bone. The robotic manipulator autonomously aligns the tool guide to a target orientation relative to the bone. The tool guide is moved to an initial location adjacent to the bone while remaining aligned with the target orientation. The initial location is suitable for the tool to perform an initial manipulation of the bone. The robotic manipulator facilitates withdrawal of the tool guide away from the initial location to a spaced location after the initial manipulation of the bone while maintaining alignment of the tool guide with the target orientation at the spaced guide location. The spaced guide location is suitable for the tool to perform a further manipulation of the bone.

The disclosed embodiments relate to systems and methods for a surgical tool or a surgical robotic system. One example system for detecting a hardstop for a surgical tool includes a wrist connected to and driven by a plurality of cables of a tool driver, a plurality of sensors configured to detect forces associated with the plurality of cables one or more processors configured to perform a comparison of the forces associated with the plurality of cables, selected a highest tension cable from the plurality of cables based on the comparison of the forces associated with the plurality of cables, set a force assigned to the highest tension cable to a predetermined value, calculate a variable torque threshold for the wrist based on a sum of the predetermined value for the highest tension cable and detected forces for remaining cables in the plurality of cables, receive a joint torque value for the wrist, perform a comparison of the received joint torque value for the wrist to a variable wrist torque threshold and identify a hardstop based on the comparison of the received joint torque value for the wrist to the variable wrist torque threshold.

Surgical systems and methods involve manipulation of a bone. A robotic manipulator supports and moves a surgical tool that has a cutting bur rotatable about a cutting axis. Controller(s) control the manipulator to align the cutting axis to a target axis associated with the bone and advance the cutting bur along the target axis towards a cortical region of the bone. The controller(s) control the surgical tool to rotate the cutting bur about the cutting axis and contact the cortical region. The controller(s) detect, from sensor(s), forces applied to the cutting bur by the cortical region and compare the sensed forces to a threshold indicative of skiving of the cutting bur relative the cortical region. In response to the sensed forces exceeding the threshold, the controller(s) adjust control of the manipulator and/or surgical tool to reduce forces applied to the cutting bur by the cortical region.

A surgical hub is disclosed. The surgical hub includes a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The memory stores instructions executable by the processor to receive first image data from a first image sensor, the first image data represents a first field of view, receive second image data from a second image sensor, wherein the second image data represents a second field of view, and display, on a display coupled to the processor, a first image rendered from the first image data corresponding to the first field of view and a second image rendered from the second image data corresponding to the second field of view.

A method for adjusting the operation of a surgical instrument using machine learning in a surgical suite is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of gathering data during surgical procedures, wherein the surgical procedures include the use of a surgical instrument, analyzing the gathered data to determine an appropriate operational adjustment of the surgical instrument, and adjusting the operation of the surgical instrument to improve the operation of the surgical instrument.

A system for controlling a robotic end-effector is disclosed. The system includes a robotic arm, a surgical tool including an end-effector with articulatable arm and a clamp jaw. A tool driver is coupled to the surgical tool and a motor is coupled to the tool driver and is configured to drive the surgical tool. A sensor is configured to sense external forces applied to the end-effector. A central control circuit is configured to control the tool driver. The central control circuit is configured to receive a sensed parameter from the sensor, receive a sensed motor current (I) from the motor, and control the tool driver based on the sensed parameter and the motor current (I).

Systems and methods for grip adjustment during energy delivery include an instrument comprising an end effector having a first jaw and a second jaw. Each of the first jaw and the second jaw have a corresponding electrode, The systems and methods further include one or more control units configured to actuate the end effector to grip a material, determine whether a force or torque limit of the actuation is above a first threshold, in response to determining that the force or torque limit is above the first threshold, reduce the force or torque limit, and apply electrical or thermal energy to the material using the electrodes. In some embodiments, the one or more control units are further configured to restore the force or torque limit after application of the electrical or thermal energy to the material is complete. In some embodiments, the force or torque limit is reduced over time.

Various systems and methods for controlling an ultrasonic surgical instrument according to the location of tissue grasped within an end effector are disclosed. A control circuit can be configured to apply varying power levels, via a generator, to an ultrasonic transducer driving an ultrasonic electromechanical system to oscillate an ultrasonic blade. Further, the control circuit can measure impedances of the ultrasonic transducer corresponding to the varying power levels and determine a location of tissue positioned within the end effector according to a difference between the impedances of the ultrasonic transducer relative to a threshold.

A method for adjusting the operation of a surgical instrument using machine learning in a surgical suite is disclosed.

A method comprising segmenting at least one vertebral body from at least one image of a first three-dimensional image data set. The method comprises receiving at least one image of a second three-dimensional image data set. The method comprises registering the segmented at least one vertebral body from the at least one image of the first three-dimensional image data set with the at least one image of the second three-dimensional image data set. The method comprises determining a position of the at least one surgical implant based on the at least one image of the second three-dimensional image data set and a three-dimensional geometric model of the at least one surgical implant. The method comprises overlaying a virtual representation of the at least one surgical implant on the registered and segmented at least one vertebral body from the at least one image of the first three-dimensional image data set.