An implantable growing rod assembly adapted to be secured along a length of a spine for treating deformities of the spine. The assembly includes a housing, a fixed rod extending along a longitudinal axis away from the housing, and an expansion rod extendible from the housing along the longitudinal axis. A driver assembly is fixed to the housing and adapted to translate the expansion rod along the longitudinal axis. Examples of the implantable growing rod assembly include a smart growing system, and an autonomous growing rod system.

A surgical system is disclosed. The surgical system comprises an end effector configured to move through a grasping motion, a motor configured to drive the grasping motion, an encoder configured to detect rotary positions, a load sensor configured to detect loads delivered, a position sensor configured to detect three-dimensional positions of the end effector, and a control circuit configured to receive a position parameter, a rotary parameter, and a load parameter, store the position parameter at the outset of the grasping motion, calculate an amount of work performed during the grasping motion while the position sensor detects the position of the end effector within a three-dimensional zone around the stored position parameter, transmit a work signal indicative of the amount of work performed, and reset the calculation of the amount of work performed when the position sensor detects a displacement of the end effector out of the three-dimensional zone.

A surgical system comprising a processing device configured to implement a trained machine learning model, the processing device being configured to: receive first data having a first data format from a sensing device; receive additional data indicating a condition of the surgical system; in dependence on the additional data, input the first data or data derived therefrom to the trained machine learning model; and output second data having a second data format.

Systems and methods are presented herein for detecting different engagement conditions of a separator instrument of a system. Processing circuitry is used to establish a baseline of one or more operational parameters for the separator instrument. At least one deviation from the established one or more baseline operational parameters of the separator instrument is identified using the processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is used to determine that the identified at least one deviation corresponds to at least one engagement condition of the separator instrument. An action is caused to be performed based on the determining by the processing circuitry.

Systems and methods for instrument control include a first actuator for controlling a first mechanical degree of freedom, a second actuator for controlling a second mechanical degree of freedom, and a controller. The controller is configured to command the first actuator to maintain the first actuator at a first position, wherein actuation of the first actuator is subject to a first torque limit; command the second actuator to maintain the second actuator at a second position, wherein actuation of the second actuator is subject to a second torque limit; and in response to detecting that the first actuator cannot be maintained at the first position using actuation subject to the first torque limit and the second actuator can be maintained at the second position using actuation subject to the second torque limit, terminate the command to the first actuator to maintain the first actuator at the first position.

Techniques are described for testing whether an end effector, or component thereof, is correctly or incorrectly installed to a manipulation system. A manipulation system can include a manipulator arm configured to receive an end effector having a first moveable jaw, a transducer configured to provide first effort information of the end effector as the end effector moves, and a processor configured to provide a command signal to effect a first test move of the first moveable jaw, and to provide an installation status of the of the end effector using the first effort information of the first test move.

Disclosed are devices and methods for creating a bore in bone. The devices and methods described involve driving a rotating bit in an axial direction such that both rotation and linear movement are controlled and measurable. The instrument is useful for a surgeon to control and simultaneously measure the travel of the tool into the bone and prevent injury to surrounding structures.

Described herein are systems, apparatus, and methods for precise placement and guidance of tools during a surgical procedure, particularly a spinal surgical procedure. The system features a portable robot arm with end effector for precise positioning of a surgical tool. The system requires only minimal training by surgeons/operators, is intuitive to use, and has a small footprint with significantly reduced obstruction of the operating table. The system works with existing, standard surgical tools, does not required increased surgical time or preparatory time, and safely provides the enhanced precision achievable by robotic-assisted systems.

A robotic medical device designed for tissue extraction, featuring a modular construction and motion control assembly. The system includes a robotic arm with multiple joints providing at least three degrees of freedom, a main body with a motorized vacuum pump, and a user interface for operational control. A needle assembly, secured within a removable proximal hub, incorporates a hollow needle with one or more cutting features, a geared wheel for transmitting oscillatory and translational motion, and a luer hub with an O-ring to maintain vacuum pressure. A suction tube connects the needle assembly to the vacuum pump, maintaining negative pressure. The device includes features such as a disposable and reusable elements, quick-connect mechanisms, and integrated sensors for monitoring motion and pressure.

A master manipulator includes a first master manipulator module, a second master manipulator module, and a third master manipulator module which are perpendicular to each other, an output end of the third master manipulator module is connected to an input end of the second master manipulator module; an output end of the second master manipulator module is connected to an input end of the first master manipulator module; the first master manipulator module can be connected to a main controller. The minimally invasive surgery robot master manipulator is simple and compact in structure, and can realize a high-precision surgical operation; moreover, the master manipulator modules are located above a transverse third master arm, thereby reducing the size of each master manipulator in a vertical direction, and effectively avoiding interference between the master manipulator and other components in the vertical direction.