A maternal and fetal monitoring system includes a detection probe configured to conduct physiological measurements on a maternal abdomen, the detection probe comprising a probe housing configured to be attached to the maternal abdomen, and a plurality of electrodes integrated into the probe housing and configured to acquire biopotential physiological data from the maternal abdomen. At least one controller is configured to calculate fetal heart rate (fHR) values, maternal heart rate (mHR) values, and/or uterine activity (UA) values based on both the physiological measurements and the biopotential physiological data, and a graphical display communicatively connected to the controller to receives and visually presents the calculated fHR values, mHR values, and/or UA values.

A stretchable raised electrode having a stretch property that can be used as a biological electrode for collecting biological signals while being pressed against a body is provided, and a method of manufacturing the stretchable raised electrode is provided. This raised electrode is a raised electrode formed by raising a surface of a sheet material having the stretch property. This raised electrode includes: a resin layer configured to be stretchable to follow the surface of the sheet material; and a plurality of conductive fibers each having an inserted portion, one end of which is inserted into the resin layer. The conductive fibers that are adjacent to one another are electrically in contact with one another at non-inserted portions into the resin layer, and the conductive fibers are formed in the resin layer so as to have such a density as causing an in-plane isotropic electric conductivity of an electrode region of the sheet material in which the conductive fibers are formed. This raised electrode can be obtained by an electrostatic spraying method.

The present invention provides a measuring method for prolonging a usage lifetime of a micro biosensor implanted subcutaneously to measure a physiological signal associated with an analyte. The micro biosensor includes a working electrode and a counter electrode, wherein the counter electrode includes silver and a silver halide having an initial amount. The method includes cyclic steps of: applying a measurement voltage to drive the working electrode to measure the physiological signal, where the silver halide is consumed by a specific amount; stopping applying the measurement voltage; and whenever the physiological parameter is obtained, applying a replenishment voltage to drive the counter electrode, thereby the silver halide of a replenishment amount being replenished to the counter electrode, wherein a guarding value of a sum of the replenishment amount and the initial amount subtracting the consumption amount is controlled within a range of the initial amount plus or minus a specific value.

A skin condition measurement sensor module and a skin condition measurement device are provided. A skin condition measurement sensor module according to one embodiment contains: a transparent film; a pair of sensor electrodes disposed to be spaced at regular intervals at a plurality of positions on one surface of the transparent film; and a floating electrode formed on the entirety of the one surface of the transparent film, formed to be divided into predetermined sizes, and formed to be separated from the pair of sensor electrodes, wherein the sensor electrodes and the floating electrode are formed of a grid-shaped pattern layer.

An object of the present invention is to provide a bioelectrode, which can stably measure biological information and is suitable for repeated use, and a method of manufacturing the bioelectrode. This object is solved by a bioelectrode comprising a silver coating layer provided on a conductive silicone rubber electrode, wherein the conductive silicone rubber electrode is composed of a silicone rubber containing conductive carbon particles, the silver coating layer is composed of silicone rubber and at least one of agglomerated silver powder and flake-like silver powder, and the silver coating layer has a thickness of 18 μm to 80 μm, and, preferably, in which the silver powder contains both the agglomerated silver powder and the flake-like silver powder.

In accordance with some non-limiting examples of the disclosed subject matter, an ingestible system configured to acquire physiological information from an interior of a subject is provided, comprising a substrate and at least one physiological sensor. The at least one physiological sensor can be coupled to the substrate and configured to capture physiological data from at least one of an internal area or an orientation in a digestive tract of the subject. The system can include a controller coupled to the substrate and configured to receive the physiological data and prepare the physiological data for one of transmission from the subject or analysis of the physiological data. The substrate, including the at least one physiological sensor and the controller coupled thereto can be configured to self-orient within the digestive tract of the subject, during ingestion of the system by the subject. The substrate can additionally orient the at least one physiological sensor in the at least one of the internal area or the orientation in the digestive tract of the subject.

Tubular devices are provided that include a proximal end, a distal end sized for introduction into a patient's body, a central lumen, a conductor extending between the proximal and distal ends adjacent the central lumen, reinforcement members including windings extending helically around the central lumen, and an outer jacket. The tubular device includes a first portion in which the conductor extends helically around the central lumen, and a second portion in which the conductor extends longitudinally and either a) all of the windings surround the central lumen and the conductor remains outside the windings, b) at least some of the windings pass between the central lumen and the conductor and at least some of the windings surround both the central lumen and the conductor, and c) all of the windings surround both the central lumen and the conductor. Methods for making such tubular devices are also provided.

An apparatus for measuring electrodermal activity can include a first electrode in contact with a first portion and a second electrode in contact with a second portion of a stratum corneum, and in electronic communication with the second electrode through the stratum corneum. A processing module is electrically coupled to the first electrode and the second electrode and is operable to (a) bias the first electrode at a first voltage V+ and the second electrode at a second voltage V− (b) measure a current flowing between the first electrode and the second electrode, the current corresponding to the conductance of the stratum corneum, (c) subtract a compensation current from the measured current (d) measure a resulting current producing an amplified output voltage (e) measure a conductance of the stratum corneum, and (f) adjust at least one of the first voltage, the second voltage and the compensation current to desaturate the output voltage.

A biosensor for measuring a physiological signal representative of a physiological parameter associated with an analyte is described. The biosensor includes a working electrode and a counter electrode. The counter electrode including a silver and a silver halide having an initial amount, wherein the initial amount is determined by the following steps of defining a required consumption range of the silver halide during at least one of the measurement periods performed by the biosensor; and determining the initial amount based on a sum of an upper limit of the required consumption range and a buffer amount, so that a required replenishment amount range of the silver halide during the replenishment period is controlled to be sufficient to maintain an amount of the silver halide within a safe storage range.

Systems and methods for detecting concussions in real-time are provided. An exemplary system of detecting concussions in real time includes an accelerometer to measure acceleration event and generate an accelerometry signal. The system includes a plurality of electrodes to detect an electroencephalogram (EEG) and each of the electrodes can be attached to a top region of the headgear through a flexible shaft. The system further includes a signal processing circuit to amplify, filter and broadcast an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal to a local wireless receiving unit.