An optical vital signs sensor comprises a light source (110) having alight unit (111, 112) generating light which is directed towards a skin (1000) of a user, at least one photo detector unit (120) having a plurality of photo diodes (121-12n) detecting light from the skin (1000), and an adjusting unit (140, 150) configured to adjust an effective distance which the light travels between the light unit (111, 112) and the photo diode (12-12n).

a) A Gabor domain optical coherence microscopy (GD-OCM) system providing high resolution of structural and motion imaging of objects such as tissues is combined with the use of reverberant shear wave fields (RevSW) or longitudinal shear waves (LSW) and two novel mechanical excitation sources: a coaxial coverslip excitation (CCE) and a multiple pronged excitation (MPE) sources providing structured and controlled mechanical excitation in tissues and leading to accurate derivation of elastographic properties. Alternatively, general optical computed tomography (OCT) is combined with RevSW or LWC in the object to derive elastographic properties. The embodiments include (a) GD-OCM with RevSW; (b) GD-OCM with LSW; (c) General OCT with RevSW; and General OCT with LSW.

An apparatus for estimating bio-information may include an optical sensor comprising a light emitter disposed on a substrate, and a plurality of light receiving groups which are arranged on a plurality of concentric circles on the substrate, at different distances from the light emitter, respectively, and a processor configured to drive one of the plurality of light receiving groups that is selected based on a type of the bio-information to be estimated, and estimate the bio-information of an object based on optical signals detected by the driven light receiving group.

An optical physiological sensor configured to perform high speed spectral sweep analysis of sample tissue being measured to non-invasively predict an analyte level of a patient. An emitter of the optical physiological sensor can be regulated to operate at different temperatures to emit radiation at different wavelengths. Variation in emitter drive current, duty cycle, and forward voltage can also be used to cause the emitter to emit a range of wavelengths. Informative spectral data can be obtained during the sweeping of specific wavelength regions of sample tissue.

Provided is a photoacoustic imaging device including: a light source unit which generates an ultra-broadband pulsed laser beam and outputs the ultra-broadband pulsed laser beam; a filter unit which filters narrowband pulsed laser beams having predetermined different wavelength bands from the ultra-broadband pulsed laser beam to selectively extract the narrowband pulsed laser beams and outputs the narrowband pulsed laser beams as pulsed laser beams for photoacoustic imaging; and a PA (photoacoustic) unit which receives the pulsed laser beams for photoacoustic imaging to irradiate a measurement object with the pulsed laser beams for photoacoustic imaging and receives photoacoustic signals generated from the measurement object.

A system for detecting light scattered from a tissue and for finding an IPL point for extracting oxygen saturation and pulse rate comprises: (a) at least one light source for illuminating a tissue, the at least one light source has a beam alignable to pass through the tissue; and (b) a plurality of photodetectors/cameras placed at multiple angles with respect to the tissue for collecting the light scattered from the tissue at multiple angles at the same time. The beam of the light source is centered either on a first axis parallel to the tissue and/or on a second axis with respect to the tissue, and the plurality of the photodetectors/cameras are either stationary or movable for conducting measurements at multiple angles for producing a first full scattering profile (FSP) and a second FSP applicable or finding the IPL point for extracting the oxygen saturation and the pulse rate.

A system, wearable device, and method include a light emitter configured to emit light at a first wavelength of between approximately 900 and 1000 nanometers and at a second wavelength of approximately 1350 nanometers, a first light detector spaced at a first distance from the light emitter, and a second light detector spaced at a second distance from the light emitter, the second distance approximately twice the first distance. At least one of hydration and glycogen of muscle tissue is determinable based on a relationship between backscatter light from the muscle tissue as detected by the second light detector and backscatter light from non-muscle tissue as detected by the first light detector.

Optical imaging or spectroscopy described can use laminar optical tomography (LOT), diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS), or the like. An incident beam is scanned across a target. An orthogonal or oblique optical response can be obtained, such as concurrently at different distances from the incident beam. The optical response from multiple incident wavelengths can be concurrently obtained by dispersing the response wavelengths in a direction orthogonal to the response distances from the incident beam. Temporal correlation can be measured, from which flow and other parameters can be computed. An optical conduit can enable endoscopic or laparoscopic imaging or spectroscopy of internal target locations. An articulating arm can communicate the light for performing the LOT, DCS, or the like. The imaging can find use for skin cancer diagnosis, such as distinguishing lentigo maligna (LM) from lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM).

An oximeter device has an ergonomically shaped enclosure that allows a user to comfortably grip and use the device during handheld operation. A sensor tip can be easily placed evenly on the tissue surface, so that all sources and detectors are directly on the tissue with even pressure. This allows for more consistent and accurate results. The user can easily move the device from one position to another and take numerous measurements. The user will have a wide, unobstructed view of the tissue because of the tip's small size, angle of display, and the grip and fingers are positioned away from the tip. Components housed by the enclosure are arranged to give the device a balanced weighting while in the hand. The device can be used for long periods at a time without fatigue.

An oximeter probe is user configurable for being in an absolute reporting mode and a relative reporting mode for measured values. The measured values for the absolute and relative modes include absolute oxygen saturation, relative oxygen saturation, absolute hemoglobin content, relative hemoglobin content, absolute blood volume, relative blood volume. The relative modes and absolute modes for determining and reporting relative or absolute hemoglobin content or relative or absolute blood volume for individual patients are beneficial when determining the efficacy of administered medications, such as epinephrine, that effect blood flow, but not oxygen saturation, in tissue, such as skin. The oximeter probe in these relative modes displays the efficacy of the administered medication as reported values for relative hemoglobin content or relative blood volume fall or rise.